Latin American Social Policy Developments in the Twenty-First Century
Latin American Social Policy Developments in the Twenty-First Century
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二十一世纪拉丁美洲社会政策的发展
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-61270-2_5
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barrientos A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barrientos A
埃斯平-安德森（1990）确定了福利制度的三种核心“类型”：自由主义、保守主义和社会民主主义。自由主义福利制度对社会问题的市场解决方案给予特权。典型的自由主义福利制度的特点是混合了剩余社会援助、适度的社会保险和基于公民身份的转移支付。二十世纪中叶，拉丁美洲的福利制度反映了一种早期的保守福利制度。在世纪之交，大规模的改革似乎使该地区的福利制度转向了自由的福利制度。在一些国家，个人退休账户引入了私人和市场养老金计划。社会援助的迅速扩大代表着自由福利制度的进一步发展。本章回顾了“规范的”自由主义福利制度，评估了拉丁美洲福利机构在多大程度上变得“自由”，并研究了福利发展理论的潜在影响。
Esping-Andersen (1990) identified three core ‘types’ of welfare regime: liberal, conservative and social democratic. Liberal welfare regimes privilege market solutions to social problems. The canonical Liberal welfare regime is characterised by a mix of residual social assistance, moderate social insurance and citizenship-based transfers. In the middle of the twentieth century welfare institutions in Latin America reflected an incipient conservative welfare regime. At the turn of the new century, large scale reforms appear to have shifted welfare institutions in the region towards a liberal welfare regime. Individual retirement accounts introduced private and market pension schemes in several countries. Rapid expansion of social assistance provision represents further movement towards a liberal welfare regime. This chapter revisits the ‘canonical’ liberal welfare regime, assesses the extent to which welfare institutions in Latin America have become ‘liberal’ and examines potential implications for theories of welfare development.