Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Changes in Anthropometric Variables in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Changes in Anthropometric Variables in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0140846
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Boeing H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwingshackl L;Hoffmann G;Kalle-Uhlmann T;Arregui M;Buijsse B;Boeing H
关于增加水果和蔬菜的摄入量对体重变化的影响，随机对照试验提供了相互矛盾的结果。我们的目的是对水果和蔬菜消费与人体测量值变化相关的前瞻性队列研究进行系统回顾和荟萃分析。PubMed和EMBASE检索了截至2015年7月的前瞻性研究，报告了习惯性水果和/或蔬菜消费与体重或腰围变化或成人体重增加/超重/肥胖风险的关系。随机效应荟萃分析用于汇总研究结果。17项队列研究（来自20篇报道）包括563,277名受试者符合我们的纳入标准。较高的水果摄入量与体重变化（减少）呈负相关（每100克增加的β系数为-13.68克/年；95% CI为-22.97至-4.40）。混合食用水果和蔬菜或蔬菜没有观察到明显的变化。增加水果摄入量与腰围变化（减少）呈负相关（β: -0.04 cm/年；95% CI, -0.05至-0.02）。比较最高的水果和蔬菜组合，水果和蔬菜摄入类别分别与肥胖风险降低9%，17%和17%相关（比值比[OR]: 0.91, 95% CI， 0.84至0.99），（OR: 0.83, 95% CI， 0.71至0.99）和（OR: 0.83, 95% CI， 0.70至0.99）。这项荟萃分析显示，水果和蔬菜摄入量与人体测量参数的预期改善和肥胖风险之间存在一些负相关。目前的荟萃分析似乎受到低研究质量的限制。然而，当结合进化营养学和流行病学模型研究时，这些发现具有公共卫生相关性，并支持所有增加水果和蔬菜摄入量的举措。
Randomized controlled trials provide conflicting results on the effects of increased fruit and vegetable consumption on changes in body weight. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies on fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to changes in anthropometric measures. PubMed and EMBASE were searched up to July 2015 for prospective studies reporting on habitual fruit and/or vegetable consumption in relation to changes in body weight or waist circumference or to risk of weight gain/overweight/obesity in adults. Random-effects meta-analysis was applied to pool results across studies. Seventeen cohort studies (from 20 reports) including 563,277 participants met our inclusion criteria. Higher intake of fruits was inversely associated with weight change (decrease) (beta-coefficient per 100-g increment, -13.68 g/year; 95% CI, -22.97 to -4.40). No significant changes could be observed for combined fruit and vegetable consumption or vegetable consumption. Increased intake of fruits was inversely associated with changes (decrease) in waist circumference (beta: -0.04 cm/year; 95% CI, -0.05 to -0.02). Comparing the highest combined fruit & vegetable, fruit, and vegetable intake categories were associated with a 9%, 17%, and 17% reduced risk of adiposity (odds ratio [OR]: 0.91, 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.99), (OR: 0.83, 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.99), and (OR: 0.83, 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.99), respectively. This meta-analysis showed several inverse associations between fruit and vegetable intake and prospective improvements in anthropometric parameters, and risk of adiposity. The present meta-analysis seems to be limited by low study quality. Nevertheless, when combined with evolutionary nutrition and epidemiological modeling studies, these findings have public health relevance and support all initiatives to increase fruit and vegetable intake.