Urine cotinine underestimates exposure to the tobacco-derived lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in passive compared with active smokers.
Urine cotinine underestimates exposure to the tobacco-derived lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in passive compared with active smokers.
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DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0497
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发表时间：
2010-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jacob P 3rd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Benowitz N;Goniewicz ML;Eisner MD;Lazcano-Ponce E;Zielinska-Danch W;Koszowski B;Sobczak A;Havel C;Jacob P 3rd
可替宁和4-（甲基亚硝胺基）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁醇（NNAL）分别是烟草衍生的尼古丁和肺致癌物4-（甲基亚硝胺基）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁酮（NNK）的广泛使用的生物标志物。比较主动吸烟与被动吸烟，可替宁水平与疾病风险之间的差异表明非线性烟草烟雾剂量反应和/或可替宁不能提供暴露于二手烟烟草烟雾有毒成分的准确测量。本文对373例主动吸烟者和228例被动吸烟者的尿中可替宁和NNAL进行了测定。主动吸烟者的平均可替宁水平为1，155（IQR 703- 2，715），被动吸烟者的平均可替宁水平为1.82（0.45-7.33）ng/mg肌酐。平均NNAL水平分别为183（103-393）和5.19（2.04-11.6）pg/mg肌酐。被动吸烟者尿液中的NNAL/可替宁比值显著高于主动吸烟者（2.85×103 vs. 0.16×103，p<0.0001）。与主动吸烟相比，被动吸烟与尿液中NNAL/可替宁的比例高得多有关。与主动吸烟相比，可替宁测量导致低估了二手烟中致癌物NNK的暴露量。
Cotinine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) are widely used biomarkers for tobacco-derived nicotine and the lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), respectively. The discrepancy between cotinine levels in relation to disease risk comparing active vs. passive smoking suggests a non-linear tobacco smoke dose-response and/or that cotinine is not providing an accurate measure of exposure to tobacco smoke toxic constituents from secondhand smoke. Cotinine and NNAL were measured in urine of 373 active smokers and 228 passive smokers. Average cotinine levels were 1,155 (IQR 703-2,715) for active smokers and 1.82 (0.45-7.33) ng/mg creatinine for passive smokers. Average NNAL levels were 183 (103-393) and 5.19 (2.04-11.6) pg/mg creatinine, respectively. NNAL/cotinine ratio in urine was significantly higher for passive smokers when compared to active smokers (2.85×103 vs. 0.16×103, p<0.0001). Passive smoking is associated with a much higher ratio of NNAL/cotinine in the urine compared to active smoking. Cotinine measurement leads to an underestimation of exposure to the carcinogen NNK from second-hand smoke when compared with active smoking.