Characterization of Blastocystis species infection in humans and mantled howler monkeys, Alouatta palliata aequatorialis, living in close proximity to one another
Characterization of Blastocystis species infection in humans and mantled howler monkeys, Alouatta palliata aequatorialis, living in close proximity to one another
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DOI：
10.1007/s00436-015-4451-x
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Whipps, Christopher M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Helenbrook, William D.;Shields, William M.;Whipps, Christopher M.
本研究描述了厄瓜多尔西北部人类和蒙毛吼猴（Alouatta palliata aequatorialis）中囊虫物种感染的特征。经聚合酶链反应，96份蒙毛猴粪便中58份（60.4%）和55份人粪便中44份（81.5%）检出囊虫。利用单链构象多态性，我们能够在不需要克隆的情况下有效地分离和测序混合样品中的亚型（STs）。在人类中发现了ST1、ST2和ST3囊虫，并且有两个人感染了不止一种亚型。所有猴子样本均为ST8。人类和猴子之间缺乏共同的亚型表明，尽管在某些情况下接近，但这些物种之间没有囊胚传播。根据对人类参与者问卷调查的人口统计数据的分析，在消费前烧开水的人感染囊虫的可能性（44.4%）明显低于不烧开水的人（93.8%）（p = 0.002）。尽管猎人、女性、生活在大家庭中的个体以及生活在靠近森林栖息地的个体往往有较高的囊虫感染比例，但其他危险因素并不显著。
This study characterizes Blastocystis species infections in humans and mantled howler monkeys, Alouatta palliata aequatorialis, living in close proximity to one another in northwestern Ecuador. Blastocystis species were identified from 58 of 96 (60.4 %) mantled howler monkey fecal samples, and 44 of 55 human fecal samples (81.5 %) by polymerase chain reaction. Using single-stranded conformation polymorphism, we were able to efficiently separate and sequence subtypes (STs) within mixed samples without the need for cloning. Blastocystis ST1, ST2, and ST3 were found in people, and two individuals were infected with more than one subtype. All monkey samples were ST8. The lack of shared subtypes between humans and monkeys suggests that no Blastocystis transmission occurs between these species in spite of close proximity in some instances. Based on analysis of demographic data from a questionnaire given to human participants, individuals who boiled their water before consumption were significantly less likely to be infected with Blastocystis (44.4 %) compared to those who did not (93.8 %) (p = 0.002). No other risk factors were significant, although hunters, females, individuals living in large families, and those living closer to forested habitat tended to have a higher proportion of Blastocystis infections.