The growth of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) given diets containing chitin and its relationship to chitinolytic enzymes and chitin digestibility
The growth of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) given diets containing chitin and its relationship to chitinolytic enzymes and chitin digestibility
复制标题
含有甲壳素饲料的虹鳟鱼（Salmo gairdneri）的生长及其与甲壳素分解酶和甲壳素消化率的关系
DOI：
10.1016/0044-8486(84)90297-7
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. B. Cowey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. J. Lindsay;M. Walton;J. Adron;T. C. Fletcher;C. Cho;C. B. Cowey
在12周的时间内，与饲喂含25%淀粉饲料的对照组相比，饲喂含4%、10%和25%甲壳素饲料的虹鳟鱼的生长显著受到抑制（P< 0.001）。对照鱼和喂食含有10%N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖（GlcNAc）的饲料的鱼之间的生长率没有差异。同位素标记的氨基糖被证明是氧化时，注入虹鳟鱼腹腔内。在胃和肠中发现相对高水平的几丁质酶活性和几丁质酶。这些酶的活性在所有的鳟鱼中是相似的，不管它们的饮食中甲壳素的量，除了在肠道中的几丁二糖酶的饲料中含有GlcNAc显示出比对照组更高的活性水平（P< 0.05）。甲壳素没有显着消化时，饲料中的10和30%，但预煮淀粉的表观消化率为50%时，饲料中的15或25%，惰性指示剂（Cr2 O3）的方法的基础上。在喂食含有10%几丁质和抗生素（Tribrissen®）的饲料的鱼中，几丁质酶和几丁质二糖酶活性没有降低，尽管消化道微生物菌群被完全消除。酶的活性没有增强时，活的几丁质分解菌（溶藻弧菌）被纳入10%的甲壳素的饮食，这些细菌只从肠道中回收。证据表明，内源性来源的几丁质酶在鳟鱼胃肠道。日粮中抗生素或细菌的存在对甲壳素的消化率没有影响。
The growth of rainbow trout fed diets containing 4, 10 and 25% chitin, over a 12-week period, was significantly depressed (P< 0.001) when compared with controls fed diets containing 25% starch. There was no difference in growth rate between control fish and those fed diets containing 10% N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc). Isotopically labelled amino sugars were shown to be oxidized when injected intraperitoneally into rainbow trout. Relatively high levels were found of chitinase activity in the stomachs and of chitobiase in the intestines. These enzyme activities were similar in all the trout, irrespective of the amount of chitin in their diets, except that chitobiase in the intestines of fish fed diets containing GlcNAc showed higher levels of activity than the controls (P< 0.05). Chitin was not significantly digested when fed at 10 and 30% of the diet but the apparent digestibility of pre-cooked starch was 50% when fed at either 15 or 25%, on the basis of the inert indicator (Cr2O3) method. Chitinase and chitobiase activities were not reduced in fish fed diets containing 10% chitin and an antibiotic (Tribrissen®) although the alimentary microflora were completely eliminated. Enzyme activities were not enhanced when live chitinolytic bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus) were incorporated into diets with 10% chitin; these bacteria were only recovered from the intestine. The evidence indicates an endogenous origin of chitinolytic enzymes in the trout gastro-intestinal tract. The presence of either antibiotic or bacteria in the diet had no effect on the digestibility of chitin.