The impact of childhood bullying among HIV-positive men: psychosocial correlates and risk factors.
The impact of childhood bullying among HIV-positive men: psychosocial correlates and risk factors.
复制标题
艾滋病毒阳性男性儿童时期欺凌的影响：社会心理相关因素和风险因素。
DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.09.016
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Gore-Felton,Cheryl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamen,Charles;Bergstrom,Jessica;Vorasarun,Chaniga;Mardini,Mona;Patrick,Rudy;Lee,Susanne;Lazar,Rachael;Koopman,Cheryl;Gore-Felton,Cheryl
虽然一些研究调查了儿童欺凌对成年人的有害影响，但迄今为止还没有研究关注欺凌对艾滋病毒感染者（PLH）的影响，这是一个特别危险的人群。与一般人群相比，PLH在儿童期和成年期遭受身体虐待和性虐待的比例更高，而童年虐待的经历似乎预示着这一人群的性行为和其他危险行为。因此，检查儿童欺凌率和成人PLH中欺凌的相关因素仍然至关重要。方法从旧金山湾区招募18岁以上hiv阳性男性171例。所有参与者都报告有创伤性应激症状。参与者被招募为一项更大的研究的一部分，该研究评估了艾滋病毒感染者和创伤症状的群体干预。采用自我报告问卷来评估参与者在童年时期遭受欺凌的情况和成年后的创伤症状。结果在当前的样本中，男性普遍报告欺凌，91%的样本承认在18岁之前经历过某种程度的欺凌。童年被欺负与成年后使用甲基苯丙胺、情绪困难和创伤症状显著相关（p< 0.05）。层次回归方程的结果发现，童年时期的欺凌报告预测了成年期创伤症状的额外、独特的差异，超出了暴露于其他形式创伤的影响，从而产生了更好的拟合模型。结论：目前的研究强调了儿童期欺凌率与成年期创伤症状之间的联系，说明了暴露于其他形式的创伤的影响。鉴于创伤症状对PLH疾病进展的影响，在任何旨在减少创伤症状或改善艾滋病毒阳性人群精神或身体健康的干预措施中，都必须考虑暴露于欺凌。
ObjectivesWhile some studies have examined the deleterious effects of childhood bullying on adults, no studies to date have focused on the effects of bullying on Persons Living with HIV (PLH), a particularly at-risk population. PLH experience higher rates of childhood and adulthood physical and sexual abuse than the population at large, and experience of childhood abuse appears to be predictive of sexual and other risk behaviors in this population. Thus it remains critical to examine rates of childhood bullying and correlates of bullying in adult PLH.MethodsA sample of 171 HIV-positive men over 18 years of age were recruited from the San Francisco Bay Area. All participants reported experiencing symptoms of traumatic stress. The participants were recruited as part of a larger study assessing a group intervention for individuals with HIV and symptoms of trauma. Self-report questionnaires were administered to assess participants’ exposure to bullying in childhood and trauma symptoms in adulthood.ResultsBullying was commonly reported by men in the current sample, with 91% of the sample endorsing having experienced some level of bullying before age 18. Having been bullied in childhood was significantly (p< .05) associated with methamphetamine use in adulthood, difficulties with mood, and with symptoms of trauma. Results of a hierarchical regression equation found that report of bullying in childhood predicted additional, unique variance in trauma symptoms in adulthood above and beyond the effect of exposure to other forms of trauma, resulting in a better-fitting model.ConclusionsThe current study highlights the association between rate of childhood bullying and symptoms of trauma in adulthood, accounting for the effect of exposure to other forms of trauma. Given the impact of trauma symptoms on disease progression in PLH, exposure to bullying must be considered in any intervention aiming to reduce trauma symptoms or improve mental or physical health among HIV-positive populations.