Genetic characterisation of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains from feral pigs in the Brazilian Pantanal: An opportunity to reconstruct the history of PCV2 evolution
Genetic characterisation of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains from feral pigs in the Brazilian Pantanal: An opportunity to reconstruct the history of PCV2 evolution
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.05.003
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发表时间：
2015-07-09
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Richtzenhain, Leonardo Jose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Franzo, Giovanni;Cortey, Marti;Richtzenhain, Leonardo Jose
猪圆环病毒2型（Porcine Circovirus type 2，PCV2）自发现以来，已成为影响养猪业的重要传染病之一，给养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失。虽然确定了四种基因型，但目前只有三种（PCV 2a，PCV 2b和PCV 2d）正在传播并显示出全球分布。另一种基因型PCV 2c在1980年至1990年收集的丹麦档案样本中仅描述过一次。除了商业猪，PCV 2已被证明可以感染野猪和其他野生物种，这些物种可能成为国内种群的储存库。在这项研究中，8个序列获得的野生猪在潘塔纳尔地区（南马托格罗索州，巴西）与参考序列和其他巴西序列进行了比较，结果显示显着的遗传多样性，与所有四种基因型目前公认的检测（PCV 2a，PCV 2b，PCV 2c和PCV 2d）。这是自1990年以来首次检测到PCV2c，也是首次在活体动物中检测到PCV2c。Pantanal中野猪的特殊种群历史和生态情景，加上野猪与其他PCV 2易感物种的复杂关系，以及仍然只有部分已知的关系（即，家猪，野猪和野猪），打开令人兴奋的问题，有关PCV 2的起源和进化。总体而言，本研究的结果使我们形成了以下假设：在野猪中发现的PCV 2毒株可能是过去在欧洲猪中传播的毒株的最后后裔，或者它们可能是最近通过桥梁物种感染这些野猪的。(C)2015 Elsevier B.V.版权所有。
Since its discovery, Porcine circovirus type 2 has emerged as one of the most relevant swine infectious diseases, causing relevant economic losses for the pig industry. While four genotypes were identified, only three (PCV2a, PCV2b and PCV2d) are currently circulating and display a worldwide distribution. Another genotype, PCV2c, has been described only once in Danish archive samples collected between 1980 and 1990. In addition to commercial pigs, PCV2 has been demonstrated to infect wild boars and other wild species, which can potentially serve as a reservoir for domestic populations. In this study, eight sequences obtained from feral pigs in the Pantanal region (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil) were compared with reference sequences and other Brazilian sequences, and the results revealed remarkable genetic diversity, with all four genotypes currently recognised being detected (PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2c and PCV2d). This finding represents a remarkable discovery, as it is the first detection of PCV2c since 1990 and the first-ever detection of PCV2c in live animals. The peculiar population history and ecological scenario of feral pigs in the Pantanal coupled with the complex, and still only partially known relationship of feral pigs with other PCV2 susceptible species (i.e., domestic pigs, wild boars and peccaries), open exciting questions concerning PCV2 origin and evolution. Overall, the results of the present study led us to form the following hypothesis: the PCV2 strains found in feral pigs may be the last descent of the strains that circulated among European pigs in the past, or they may have infected these feral pigs more recently through a bridge species. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.