A sociodemographic risk index
A sociodemographic risk index
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DOI：
10.1007/s11205-004-6398-7
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Redd, Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, KA;Vandivere, S;Redd, Z
在本文中，我们概念化并开发了一个社会人口风险指数，我们假设该指数将比标准贫困衡量标准有所改进，作为衡量儿童发展风险的标准。贫困线广泛用于政府统计和研究，但也被广泛认为存在多种缺陷。利用美国家庭调查的最新数据，我们开发和研究了社会人口风险指数，其目的有两个：(a) 作为影响儿童福祉的儿童环境的汇总指标；(b) 作为一个变量，可用于识别高危儿童亚组，其福祉应在指标报告中单独审查。基于对儿童发展的大量研究，我们选择了五个变量作为该指数：家庭收入、家庭结构、家长受教育程度、家庭规模和住房拥有率。在双变量和多变量分析中，使用这些变量的附加社会人口风险指数与儿童福祉的多种衡量指标密切相关。因此，它是儿童风险的良好标记，因此可以作为一个可以随时间、跨群体、跨地点进行监测的指标，也是一个可用于识别应监测其福祉的高危儿童亚组的变量。然而，分析并未表明它在识别高危儿童方面比当前的贫困衡量标准表现更好。因此，我们建议将社会人口风险指数主要作为监测的附加汇总指标，而不是作为贫困衡量指标的替代品。
In this paper, we conceptualize and develop an index of sociodemographic risk that we hypothesize will be an improvement over the standard poverty measure as a measure of risk for children's development. The poverty line is widely used in government statistics and in research but is also widely acknowledged to have multiple shortcomings. Using recent data from the National Survey of America's Families, we develop and examine a Sociodemographic Risk Index for two potential purposes: (a) to serve as a summary indicator of children's environments that affect their well-being, and (b) to serve as a variable that can be used to identify at-risk subgroups of children whose well-being should be examined separately in indicator reports. Based on substantial research on children's development, we chose five variables for the index: family income, family structure, parent education, family size, and home ownership. An additive sociodemographic risk index using these variables is strongly associated with multiple measures of child well-being in both bivariate and multivariate analyses. Hence, it serves as a good marker of risk for children and therefore as an indicator that could be monitored over time, across groups, and across places, as well as a variable that could be used to identify subgroups of at-risk children whose well-being should be monitored. However, analyses do not indicate that it performs better at identifying at-risk children than the current poverty measure. Therefore, we recommend the Sociodemographic Risk Index primarily as an additional summary indicator to be monitored, rather than as a replacement for the poverty measure.