Neuropsychological testing of patients with borderline personality disorder.
Neuropsychological testing of patients with borderline personality disorder.
复制标题
边缘性人格障碍患者的神经心理学测试。
DOI：
10.1176/ajp.148.1.106
复制
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Cowdry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. M. O'leary;P. Brouwers;D. Gardner;R. Cowdry
目标和方法
这项研究调查了一系列神经心理学测试是否可以检测出边缘型人格障碍患者的认知缺陷--特别是在感知、学习和记忆领域。测试组合由16名以行为控制障碍为代表的研究门诊边缘人格障碍患者完成，根据DSM-III-R标准和边缘患者诊断性访谈进行诊断。16名正常志愿者组成的对照组也完成了测试。
结果
与正常组相比，边缘患者在记忆测试中的表现显著受损，这些测试要求对复杂的、最近学到的材料进行无提示回忆。在听觉记忆任务中给出的提示部分纠正了这一缺陷。在几项视觉感知测试中，患者的表现也明显受损。这些缺陷似乎并不是由于注意力问题、精神运动障碍、目前的严重抑郁症或酗酒史造成的。
结论
观察到的在区分基本的和无关的视觉信息以及回忆复杂材料方面的困难可能与理解一些临界性人格障碍的临床特征有关。观察到的由暗示导致的记忆改善提示了特定的策略，可以用来帮助患者回忆复杂的材料。
OBJECTIVE AND METHOD
This study examined whether a battery of neuropsychological tests could detect cognitive deficits--particularly in the areas of perception, learning, and memory--in patients with borderline personality disorder. The test battery was completed by 16 research outpatients with borderline personality disorder, typified by behavioral dyscontrol and diagnosed according to DSM-III-R criteria and the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients. A comparison group of 16 normal volunteers also completed the test battery.
RESULTS
The performance of the borderline patients was significantly impaired in comparison with that of the normal group on memory tests requiring uncued recall of complex, recently learned material. Cues given on an auditory memory task partially corrected that deficit. The patients' performance was also significantly impaired on several visual perceptual tests. These deficits do not appear to have been attributable to attentional problems, psychomotor impairment, current major depression, or history of alcohol abuse.
CONCLUSIONS
The observed difficulties in separating essential from extraneous visual information and in recalling complex material may be relevant in understanding some of the clinical features of borderline personality disorder. The observed memory improvement resulting from cueing suggests specific strategies that may be used to aid patients' recall of complex material.