Two approaches to modeling the initiation and development of rills in a man‐made catchment
Two approaches to modeling the initiation and development of rills in a man‐made catchment
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模拟人工流域中小溪的形成和发展的两种方法
DOI：
10.1029/2011wr010719
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发表时间：
--
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
M. Krafczyk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Hofer;P. Lehmann;M. Stähli;S. Seifert;M. Krafczyk
地表侵蚀细沟是新生生态系统中的主要结构，因此它们从根本上影响水流，例如通过引导地表径流或局部改变土壤的渗透能力。为了成功地模拟系统水文，考虑侵蚀细沟的发展是必不可少的。本研究的目标是模拟出现的侵蚀细沟网络，在过去几年中形成的总长度为6公里，在6公顷的大型人工集水区鸡溪附近科特布斯（德国）。不断发展的网络的长度和连通性进行了量化，从航空图像。分析表明，主要的细沟网络在生态系统发展的第一年就已经建立。我们采用了两种模型方法来模拟侵蚀细沟的出现。首先，我们使用自组织临界网络方法，土壤侵蚀和泥沙沉积受局部临界剪切应力控制。第二种方法是基于曼宁方程，将自组织临界网络方法的结果与一种简单但更基于物理的方法的结果进行比较。在高局部剪切应力的情况下触发侵蚀，并从悬浮颗粒的沉降速度计算沉积。这两个模型都能够重现观察到的细沟网络。几何特征，如网络长度和细沟深度模拟在正确的数量级。该模型还设法描述的位置和时间演变的主要侵蚀细沟的集水区。
Surface erosion rills are dominant structures in young developing ecosystems, and as such they fundamentally affect water flows, for example by channeling surface runoff or by locally changing the infiltration capacity of the soil. To successfully model the systems hydrology it is indispensable to take the development of erosion rills into account. The goal of this study was to model the emergence of an erosion rill network with total length of 6 km formed during the last few years in the 6 ha large artificial catchment Chicken Creek near Cottbus (Germany). The length and connectivity of the evolving network were quantified from aerial images. This analysis showed that the major rill network established already during the first year of ecosystem development. We adapted two model approaches to simulate the emergence of erosion rills. First, we used a self‐organized critical network approach with soil erosion and sediment deposition governed by a local critical shear stress. The second approach, based on Manning's equation, was developed to compare the results of the self‐organized critical network approach with results from a simple but more physically based approach. Erosion was triggered in the case of high local shear stress and deposition was calculated from settling velocity of the suspended particles. Both models were able to reproduce the observed rill network. Geometric characteristics such as network length and rill depth were simulated in the right order of magnitude. The models also managed to describe the position and temporal evolution of the main erosion rills in the catchment.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Mercier;É. Delhez
通讯作者：
É. Delhez
地形演化和表面形态演化响应河流和山坡沉积物的耦合输送
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
G. Simpson;F. Schlunegger
通讯作者：
F. Schlunegger
使用 GOCAD 基于航空照片中的 DEM 对人工创建的水文流域进行 3D 初始沉积物分布和质量平衡量化
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Schneider;Maurer
通讯作者：
Maurer
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Leheny;Nagel
通讯作者：
Nagel
与地形相关的沟渠几何形状和位置的场内变化的二维建模
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Desmet;Gerard Govers
通讯作者：
Gerard Govers