Nebraska Agricultural Water Management Demonstration Network (NAWMDN): integrating research and extension/outreach.
Nebraska Agricultural Water Management Demonstration Network (NAWMDN): integrating research and extension/outreach.
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内布拉斯加州农业用水管理示范网络（NAWMDN）：整合研究和推广/推广。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. P. Christiansen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Irmak;J. Rees;G. L. Zoubek;B. DeWalle;William R. Rathje;R. DeBuhr;D. Leininger;D. D. Siekman;J. Schneider;A. P. Christiansen
摘要。在内布拉斯加州以及其他西部和中西部各州，通过适当设计的农业用水管理项目来最大化灌溉植物生产的净收益变得越来越重要，因为许多地区都参与了保护灌溉用水的管理和政策变化。在内布拉斯加州，农民面临的挑战是，在满足植物用水需求和保持高产的同时，采取节约方法，更有效地利用水资源。内布拉斯加州在其大约350万公顷的灌溉土地上遇到的另一个挑战是，在帮助农民更好地管理灌溉、节约用水和能源以及提高植物用水效率方面，新技术/工具的采用有限。2005年，内布拉斯加州农业水资源管理示范网络（NAWMDN或网络）由一个跨学科合作伙伴团队组成，包括自然资源区（NRD）；USDA-NRCS;来自内布拉斯加州中南部、东北部、中西部和西部的农民；作物顾问;以及内布拉斯加大学林肯分校的教员。该网络的主要目标是通过在农民田间建立的一系列示范项目，使高质量的以研究为基础的信息能够向内布拉斯加人转移，并实施更新的工具和技术，以处理和提高植物用水效率、节约用水和减少灌溉能源消耗。示范项目由位于内布拉斯加州克莱中心附近的内布拉斯加大学林肯分校中南农业实验室进行的基于科学的实地研究和评估项目提供支持。2005年，该网络仅由23个NRDs中的一个中的15名农民作为合作者组成。截至2009年底，活跃的合作者人数已增加到300多人，分布在12个自然保护区和93个县中的35个。由于农民采用信息和更新的灌溉管理技术，该网络正在影响节水和节能。NAWMDN通过监测植物生长阶段和发育、土壤湿度和作物蒸散量，帮助参与者改善灌溉管理和效率。因此，他们减少了灌溉用水量，相关的能源节约为参与的农民带来了更大的利润。例如，2008年对300名NAWMDN参与者的调查估计，11.4万公顷土地（玉米5.8万公顷，大豆约5.6万公顷）上，玉米和大豆的平均保水量分别为66毫米和55毫米。以2008年的柴油价格计算，节约的水资源相当于玉米和大豆分别节省了281.4万美元和2227万美元的能源成本。自NAWMDN开始以来，已在231次会议上接触和教育了8650多名生产者、作物顾问和农业工业人员。本文描述了网络的目标、技术和教育组件、操作功能以及NAWMDN中使用的程序。报告了在节约用水和能源方面的定量影响。
Abstract . Maximizing the net benefits of irrigated plant production through appropriately designed agricultural water management programs is of growing importance in Nebraska, and other western and Midwestern states, because many areas are involved in management and policy changes to conserve irrigation water. In Nebraska, farmers are being challenged to practice conservation methods and use water resources more efficiently while meeting plant water requirements and maintaining high yields. Another challenge Nebraska experiences in it's approximately 3.5-million-ha irrigated lands is limited adoption of newer technologies/tools to help farmers better manage irrigation, conserve water and energy, and increase plant water use efficiency. In 2005, the Nebraska Agricultural Water Management Demonstration Network (NAWMDN or Network) was formed from an interdisciplinary team of partners including the Natural Resources Districts (NRD); USDA-NRCS; farmers from south central, northeast, west central, and western Nebraska; crop consultants; and University of Nebraska-Lincoln faculty. The main goal of the Network is to enable the transfer of high quality research-based information to Nebraskans through a series of demonstration projects established in farmers' fields and implement newer tools and technologies to address and enhance plant water use efficiency, water conservation, and reduce energy consumption for irrigation. The demonstration projects are supported by the scientifically-based field research and evaluation projects conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, South Central Agricultural Laboratory located near Clay Center, Nebraska. The Network was formed with only 15 farmers as collaborators in only one of the 23 NRDs in 2005. As of late 2009, the number of active collaborators has increased to over 300 in 12 NRDs and 35 of 93 counties. The Network is impacting both water and energy conservation due to farmers adopting information and newer technologies for irrigation management. The NAWMDN is helping participants to improve irrigation management and efficiency by monitoring plant growth stages and development, soil moisture, and crop evapotranspiration. As a result, they are reducing irrigation water application amounts and associated energy savings is leading to greater profitability to participating farmers. For example, surveys of 300 NAWMDN participants in 2008 estimated water conservation at an average of 66 mm for maize and 55 mm for soybean on 114,000 ha (58,000 ha of maize and about 56,000 ha of soybean). With 2008 diesel fuel prices, this water conservation was an equivalent of $2,814,000 and $2,270,000 for maize and soybean, respectively, in energy costs saved for the land area represented. Since the beginning of the NAWMDN, over 8,650 producers, crop consultants, and agricultural industry personnel have been reached and educated at over 231 meetings. This article describes the goals and objectives of the Network, technical and educational components, operational functions, and procedures used in the NAWMDN. The quantitative impacts in terms of water and energy conservation are reported.