Predicting Primate Local Extinctions Within "Real-World" Forest Fragments: A Pan-Neotropical Analysis
Predicting Primate Local Extinctions Within "Real-World" Forest Fragments: A Pan-Neotropical Analysis
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22233
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Peres, Carlos A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benchimol, Maira;Peres, Carlos A.
了解人类改造景观中物种灭绝的主要驱动因素对于提出合理的保护战略至关重要。灵长类动物在维持森林生态系统功能的完整性方面发挥着至关重要的作用，是研究最多的热带陆生脊椎动物目，但灵长类物种对森林生境干扰和破碎化的反应差异很大。在这里，我们提出了一个强大的定量审查栖息地破碎化的协同效应对新热带森林灵长类动物，以查明物种灭绝的驱动程序在广泛的森林斑块从墨西哥到阿根廷。有无数据19灵长类动物的功能组，汇编705个森林斑块和55个相邻的连续森林网站，这是嵌套在61个景观调查96项研究。森林斑块的大小，周围的矩阵和狩猎对灵长类动物的压力水平的定义，并根据7个生活史特征，每个功能组进行了分类。广义线性混合模型表明，补丁大小，森林覆盖，狩猎压力水平，家域大小和营养状态的主要预测因子的森林隔离物内的物种持久性的所有功能组汇集在一起。然而，当地灭绝的模式在不同的类群之间有很大的差异，Alouatta和Callicebus moloch即使在很小的森林斑块内也显示出最高的占用率，而Brachyteles和Leontopithecus即使在相对较大的森林中也只占不到50%的位置。我们的研究结果揭示了阔鼻灵长类物种灭绝的主要预测因子，强调了考虑人为干扰的历史，景观结构和物种生活史属性在预测灵长类动物在新热带森林斑块中的持久性的重要性。我们建议，碎片化森林景观的大规模保护规划应优先考虑并留出大型、连接良好且受到严格保护的森林保护区，以最大限度地提高整个灵长类动物生活史范围内的物种持久性。Am. J. Primatol. (c)2013 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Understanding the main drivers of species extinction in human-modified landscapes has gained paramount importance in proposing sound conservation strategies. Primates play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of forest ecosystem functions and represent the best studied order of tropical terrestrial vertebrates, yet primate species diverge widely in their responses to forest habitat disturbance and fragmentation. Here, we present a robust quantitative review on the synergistic effects of habitat fragmentation on Neotropical forest primates to pinpoint the drivers of species extinction across a wide range of forest patches from Mexico to Argentina. Presence-absence data on 19 primate functional groups were compiled from 705 forest patches and 55 adjacent continuous forest sites, which were nested within 61 landscapes investigated by 96 studies. Forest patches were defined in terms of their size, surrounding matrix and level of hunting pressure on primates, and each functional group was classified according to seven life-history traits. Generalized linear mixed models showed that patch size, forest cover, level of hunting pressure, home range size and trophic status were the main predictors of species persistence within forest isolates for all functional groups pooled together. However, patterns of local extinction varied greatly across taxa, with Alouatta and Callicebus moloch showing the highest occupancy rates even within tiny forest patches, whereas Brachyteles and Leontopithecus occupied fewer than 50% of sites, even in relatively large forest tracts. Our results uncover the main predictors of platyrrhine primate species extinction, highlighting the importance of considering the history of anthropogenic disturbances, the structure of landscapes, and species life-history attributes in predicting primate persistence in Neotropical forest patches. We suggest that large-scale conservation planning of fragmented forest landscapes should prioritize and set-aside large, well-connected and strictly protected forest reserves to maximize species persistence across the entire spectrum of primate life-history. Am. J. Primatol. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.