The effects of root angle on root growth and yield of wheat in the Australian cereal belt
The effects of root angle on root growth and yield of wheat in the Australian cereal belt
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澳大利亚谷类带根角对小麦根系生长和产量的影响
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发表时间：
2010
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. McDonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. McDonald
小麦种子根角度存在遗传变异。有人建议，窄根角有助于适应夏季为主的降雨区和广角是重要的地中海气候的澳大利亚南部。通过测量小麦的根角并研究其与产量和根系分布的关系，验证了这一假设。在根箱中测定了52个基因型的根角，定义为14天龄幼苗第一对种子根对向的角度。连续多年进行田间试验，测量根系的深度和分布。通过对52个品种在12年育种试验中产量变异的分析，在更大范围内评估了根角对产量的重要性。根角变化显着，从56？到113？而来自南澳的基因型之间没有一致的差异（平均？SEM = 82？2.9？）和昆士兰州（82？5.4？）;来自西澳大利亚州的基因型有一个稍宽的角度（90？2.2？）。在两个田间试验中，最大生根深度没有显着差异的基因型。窄根角与60 ~ 70 cm根系数量呈弱相关，但与产量无关。在育种试验中，具有窄根角的品种倾向于产生略高的产量（c。5%），但这发生在所有国家。假设根角与适应不同部分的谷物区不支持。
Genetic variation in seminal root angle exists in wheat. It has been suggested that narrow root angles contribute to adaptation to summer–dominant rainfall zones and wide angles are important in the Mediterranean climates of southern Australia. This hypothesis was tested by measuring root angles in wheat and examining its relationship with yield and root distribution. Root angles of 52 genotypes, defined as the angle subtending the first pair of seminal roots of 14-day old seedlings, were measured in a root box. Field experiments were conducted in successive years to measure the depth and distribution of roots. The importance of root angle to yield over a wider range of sites was assessed by an analysis of yield variation among the 52 varieties in 12 years of breeding trials. Root angle varied significantly from 56? to 113? and there was no consistent difference between genotypes from South Australia (mean ? SEM = 82 ? 2.9?) and Queensland (82 ? 5.4?); genotypes from Western Australia had a slightly wider angle (90 ? 2.2?). In the two field trials, maximum depth of rooting did not differ significantly among the genotypes. Narrow root angle was weakly associated with more roots at 60 to 70 cm, but there was no relationship with yield. Within breeding trials, varieties with narrow root angles tended to produce slightly higher (c. 5%) yields, but this occurred in all states. The hypothesis that root angle is associated with adaptation to different parts of the cereal zone was not supported.