Factors affecting species diversity of plant communities and the restoration process in the loess area of China.
Factors affecting species diversity of plant communities and the restoration process in the loess area of China.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.04.001
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发表时间：
2010-03
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Jintun Zhang;Yiru Dong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jintun Zhang;Yiru Dong
黄土高原是我国长期遭受水土流失的特殊地区。生态恢复是该地区的一项紧迫任务。研究黄土区退耕地植被恢复过程中的变化特征。在典型的黄土丘陵沟壑区阎村小流域设置了不同恢复阶段的样方。在每个样方记录物种和环境数据。采用多元分析和物种丰富度、多样性和均匀度指数进行分析。聚类分析（UPGMA）结果表明，不同组成、不同结构、不同环境的植物群落可划分为一系列不同的群落阶段。这些群落包括草地、灌丛和森林3个主要恢复阶段和9个亚阶段，即9个群丛。典范对应分析（CCA）表明，时间，因为放弃是恢复过程中的关键因素，第一CCA轴是有效的时间梯度。海拔、土壤类型、坡度和坡向在黄土区植被恢复过程中也起重要作用。恢复过程中物种丰富度和多样性增加，均匀度下降。物种丰富度和多样性的变化与废弃时间、海拔和土壤类型显著相关。在黄土高原植被恢复过程中，撂荒时间是最重要的影响因素，物种多样性是反映植被恢复过程中群落变化的主要指标。为了有效管理，废弃土地应不受干扰。
The Loess Plateau of China is a special region that has suffered from soil erosion and water loss for a long time. Ecological restoration is an urgent task for this region. This study aims to characterize the variation in the vegetation restoration process on the abandoned croplands in the loess area. A series of quadrats were set up in different restoration stages in the Yancun watershed, Shanxi Province, an area of typical loess hills and gullies. Species and environmental data were recorded in each quadrat. Multivariate analysis and indices for species richness, diversity and evenness were used in the analysis. A series of plant community stages with different composition, structure and environments were identified by clustering analysis (UPGMA). These communities included three main restoration stages, grassland stage, scrubland stage and forest stage, and nine sub-stages, i.e. nine associations. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that time since abandonment was the key factor for the restoration process, and the first CCA axis was effectively a time gradient. Elevation, soil type, slope and aspect were also important in the restoration process in the loess area. Species richness and diversity increased, and evenness decreased in the restoration process. The variation of species richness and diversity significantly correlated with time since abandonment, elevation and soil type. Time since abandonment is most important to the restoration process and species diversity is the main indicator of community changes in restoration in the Loess Plateau. For effective management, abandoned lands should be kept from disturbance.