Role of protein C inhibitor and tissue factor in fertilization.
Role of protein C inhibitor and tissue factor in fertilization.
复制标题
蛋白 C 抑制剂和组织因子在受精中的作用。
DOI：
10.1055/s-2006-958457
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Heeb,MaryJo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandez,JoseA;Heeb,MaryJo
精液凝固是通过一系列生物化学过程来实现的，这些生物化学过程旨在保护和引导精子通过女性生殖道，以便精子成功到达卵子。因此，精液凝固促进受精。精液凝固的机制在原理上与血液凝固和纤维蛋白溶解相似，因为它需要蛋白酶的催化活性将可溶性底物转化为不溶性凝胶，然后在较长时间内溶解凝胶。事实上，精液中存在大多数凝血因子和纤溶因子的痕迹;这些因子在精液凝固中的作用仍有待确定。本文综述了两种在精液中含量非常高的蛋白质：蛋白C抑制剂和组织因子。蛋白C抑制剂是一种丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，可调节多种凝血因子和活化蛋白C的活性。组织因子（促凝血酶原激酶）是一种膜蛋白质，对启动外源性凝血级联反应至关重要。这两种蛋白质的新兴作用，在精液凝固和受精过程中进行了总结。
Semen coagulation is achieved by a series of biochemical processes designed to protect and guide the sperm during its migration through the female genital tract so that spermatozoa reach the ovum successfully. Thus, semen coagulation promotes fertilization. The mechanism of semen coagulation is similar in principle to blood coagulation and fibrinolysis because it requires the catalytic activity of proteases to convert a soluble substrate to an insoluble gel, and then dissolve the gel over a longer period of time. In fact, there are traces of most blood coagulation factors and fibrinolytic factors in semen; the roles of these factors in semen coagulation are still to be determined. This review focuses on two such proteins that have remarkably high levels in semen: protein C inhibitor and tissue factor. Protein C inhibitor is a serine protease inhibitor that modulates the activity of several blood-clotting factors and activated protein C. Tissue factor (thromboplastin) is a membrane protein crucial for the initiation of the extrinsic cascade of blood coagulation. The emerging roles of these two proteins in semen coagulation and in fertilization processes are summarized.