Environment and Society
Environment and Society
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环境与社会
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-76415-3_7
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yearley S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yearley S
二十多年来，试图用经济术语来表达环境问题一直是环境政策辩论的前沿。但在环境社会学中，使经济估值适用于生态实体的过程和政治受到的关注相对较少。本章首先考虑社会科学家如何分析在一个新领域创造一个市场或“节约”一个问题意味着什么。这些社会科学思想随后被应用于两个主要的生态问题：试图通过定价管理碳排放，以及对自然资源进行估值的概念和实践。本章最后强调了定价和做市已经改变了环境治理的性质，引入了社会科学家需要研究的新类型的参与者和激励措施。
Attempts to express environmental problems in economic terms have been at the forefront of environmental policy debates for over twenty years. But the process and politics of making economic valuations applicable to ecological entities have received relatively little attention within environmental sociology. This chapter starts by considering how social scientists have analysed what it means to create a market in a novel area or to ‘economize’ an issue. These social-scientific ideas are then applied to two leading ecological issues: attempts to manage carbon emissions through pricing, and concepts and practices for valuing natural resources. The chapter concludes by highlighting the way that pricing and market-making have changed the character of environmental governance, introducing new kinds of actor and incentives which social scientists need to study.