Active Forest Fire Occurrences in Severe Lightning Years in Alaska
Active Forest Fire Occurrences in Severe Lightning Years in Alaska
复制标题
阿拉斯加强闪电年森林火灾频繁发生
DOI：
10.2328/jnds.33.71
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Hayasaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Farukh;H. Hayasaka
2004年、2005年和2007年这三年中，每年有12万次闪电，是平均每年的四倍，引发了大约300起火灾，但每年的火灾面积相差很大。2004年和2005年的烧毁面积分别是过去55年（1956-2010年）中最大的和第三大的; 2007年的烧毁面积小于平均3 541公里。总体而言，在阿拉斯加严重闪电年的活跃森林火灾的全面了解，实现了各种火灾特征的基础上，包括新引入的“现场火灾的数量”和“热点的每日火灾活动”从美国宇航局。这些火灾特征确定了这样一个事实，即阿拉斯加的森林在6月和7月被严重的闪电点燃，2004年和2005年的大部分大火开始并持续到8月。在干旱和高温条件下，大量的实弹射击变得活跃，这增加了2004年的燃烧面积。2005年6月开始持续降雨，但8月森林火灾非常活跃，也造成了大面积的烧毁。2007年的火烧面积没有这么大，是因为从6月初开始连续降水。关键词：活火、热点、闪电、干旱、降水
Severe lightning flashes, 120,000 a year or four times more than in the average year, started around 300 fires in each of the three years of 2004, 2005, and 2007 but the burnt area of each year differed considerably. The burnt areas in 2004 and 2005 were the largest and the third largest in the last 55 years (1956-2010), respectively; the burnt area in 2007 was smaller than the average 3,541 km. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of active forest fires in severe lightning years in Alaska was achieved based on various fire characteristics including the newly introduced “number of live fires” and “daily fire activity by hotspots” from NASA. These fire characteristics established the fact that severe lightning ignited Alaska’s forests in June and July, and that most of the large fires in 2004 and 2005 started and lasted until August. Large numbers of live fires became active during drought and highair-temperature conditions, which increased the burnt area in 2004. In 2005, continuous precipitation started from June but a large burnt area was also created by a very active forest fire period in August. The burnt area in 2007 was not so large due to continuous precipitation from the beginning of June. Keyword: active fire, hotspot, lightning, drought, precipitation