Top-down and Bottom-up controls of attention in three-dimensional space when observers are moving forward
Top-down and Bottom-up controls of attention in three-dimensional space when observers are moving forward
复制标题
观察者前进时三维空间中自上而下和自下而上的注意力控制
DOI：
10.1167/3.9.739
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Yuzo Yamamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahiko Kimura;T. Miura;S. Doi;Yuzo Yamamoto
注意力控制分为自上而下控制和自下而上控制。几乎所有以前的研究都是在二维空间中研究这两种控制。然而，我们的行为世界是三维（3-D）空间。本研究通过两个实验考察了观察者在三维空间中向前移动时注意的自上而下和自下而上控制。在实验1中，通过自上而下的线索和三个移动条件（静态，缓慢，快速）的目标的位置信息被使用。实验二在两种运动条件下，通过目标位置亮度的短暂变化来呈现自下而上的线索。观察者被要求判断目标是否比注视点更近或更远。1，exp。结果表明，自上而下和自下而上的线索都对反应时有影响，且注意由远向近的转移比由远向近的转移快。这些结果表明：（1）三维空间中的注意既可以由包含深度信息的自上而下控制也可以由包含深度信息的自下而上控制来操作;（2）三维空间中的注意转移具有深度不对称性，并且在观察者处于运动状态时表现得尤为明显。此外，研究结果表明，自上而下和自下而上的控制并不是独立运作的，自上而下的控制可能会调节自下而上的控制在三维空间。
Attentional control is known to have two components of top-down control and bottom-up control. Almost all preceding studies have been conducted to examine these two controls in two-dimensional space. However, our behavioural world is three-dimensional (3-D) space. In this study, two experiments were conducted in order to examine top-down and bottom-up controls of attention in three-dimensional space when observers were moving forward. In the experiment 1, the information about the location of a target by means of top-down cue and three moving conditions (static, slow, and fast) were used. In the experiment 2, bottom-up cue by brief change of luminance at target locations was presented in two moving conditions. Observers were required to judge whether the target presented nearer than fixation point or further than it. The results in exp. 1 and exp. 2 show that both top-down and bottom-up cue have the effect on reaction time, and that shift of attention were faster from far to near than the reverse. These findings suggest that (1) attention in 3-D space might be operated with both top-down and bottom-up controls included the depth information,(2) the shift of attention in 3-D space has asymmetric characteristic in depth and it remarkably shown in observers were moving conditions. In addition, the results indicate that top-down and bottom-up controls do not operate independently, and top-down control might modulate bottom-up control in 3-D space.