Trophic amplification of climate warming.
Trophic amplification of climate warming.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2009.1320
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发表时间：
2009-12-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Beaugrand G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirby RR;Beaugrand G
由于内部过程或外部驱动因素，生态系统可能会在不同的持久状态之间突然切换。重要的是要了解这些变化发生的机制，特别是在被开发的生态系统中。有几次海洋生态系统的突然变化要么归因于捕鱼，要么是最近的气候变化，要么是这两个驱动因素的结合。我们表明，近50年来，温度一直是北海营养动态的一个重要驱动因素，北海是一个高度捕捞的海洋生态系统，最近温度的显著变化通过一系列内部机制建立了一个新的生态系统动态机制。使用包括初级生产者、初级、二级和第三级消费者以及有害动物的端到端生态系统方法，我们发现温度通过生态系统中涉及生态阈值和营养放大的非线性改变了物种之间的关系。营养放大提供了一种替代正反馈的机制，以推动生态系统走向新的动态制度，在这种情况下，有利于浮游生物中的水母和底栖动物中的十足类和有害食肉动物。尽管过度捕捞往往是海洋生态系统退化的罪魁祸首，但温度显然也会带来类似的影响。我们的结果与基于生态系统的渔业管理(EBFM)有关，被视为管理被开发的海洋生态系统的前进方向。
Ecosystems can alternate suddenly between contrasting persistent states due to internal processes or external drivers. It is important to understand the mechanisms by which these shifts occur, especially in exploited ecosystems. There have been several abrupt marine ecosystem shifts attributed either to fishing, recent climate change or a combination of these two drivers. We show that temperature has been an important driver of the trophodynamics of the North Sea, a heavily fished marine ecosystem, for nearly 50 years and that a recent pronounced change in temperature established a new ecosystem dynamic regime through a series of internal mechanisms. Using an end-to-end ecosystem approach that included primary producers, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers, and detritivores, we found that temperature modified the relationships among species through nonlinearities in the ecosystem involving ecological thresholds and trophic amplifications. Trophic amplification provides an alternative mechanism to positive feedback to drive an ecosystem towards a new dynamic regime, which in this case favours jellyfish in the plankton and decapods and detritivores in the benthos. Although overfishing is often held responsible for marine ecosystem degeneration, temperature can clearly bring about similar effects. Our results are relevant to ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM), seen as the way forward to manage exploited marine ecosystems.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Beaugrand, G;Brander, KM;Reid, PC
通讯作者：
Reid, PC
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2007.1752
发表时间：
2008-08-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Casini, Michele;Lovgren, Johan;Kornilovs, Georgs
通讯作者：
Kornilovs, Georgs
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Briggs, RP;Armstrong, MJ;Whitmore, J
通讯作者：
Whitmore, J
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Beaugrand, Gregory;Edwards, Martin;Ibanez, Frederic
通讯作者：
Ibanez, Frederic
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0806649105
发表时间：
2009-01-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Casini, Michele;Hjelm, Joakim;Kornilovs, Georgs
通讯作者：
Kornilovs, Georgs