Microglial immune checkpoint mechanisms
Microglial immune checkpoint mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1038/s41593-018-0145-x
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Schwartz, Michal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deczkowska, Aleksandra;Amit, Ido;Schwartz, Michal
小胶质细胞从在早期胚胎发育期间浸润新生CNS的祖细胞分化。然后，他们一生都保持在这种独特的免疫特权环境中。多种免疫机制，我们统称为小胶质细胞检查点，确保有效和严格调节小胶质细胞的反应，在中枢神经系统环境的扰动。这些机制对于适当的CNS发育和最佳生理功能是必不可少的。然而，在慢性疾病或衰老中，当需要强大的免疫应答时，这种检查点机制可能会限制小胶质细胞保护CNS的能力。在这里，我们调查小胶质细胞检查点机制及其在整个生命和疾病中控制小胶质细胞功能的作用，并讨论如何将它们作为治疗目标。
Microglia differentiate from progenitors that infiltrate the nascent CNS during early embryonic development. They then remain in this unique immune-privileged environment throughout life. Multiple immune mechanisms, which we collectively refer to as microglial checkpoints, ensure efficient and tightly regulated microglial responses to perturbations in the CNS milieu. Such mechanisms are essential for proper CNS development and optimal physiological function. However, in chronic disease or aging, when a robust immune response is required, such checkpoint mechanisms may limit the ability of microglia to protect the CNS. Here we survey microglial checkpoint mechanisms and their roles in controlling microglial function throughout life and in disease, and discuss how they may be targeted therapeutically.