Interventional Nanotheranostics of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.
Interventional Nanotheranostics of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.
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作者：
Li J;Liu F;Gupta S;Li C
胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）占所有胰腺癌的90%以上。纳米粒子（NPs）提供了新的机会，由于独特的物理化学性质的纳米效应和多功能的能力，图像引导治疗。然而，NP介导的癌症治疗诊断学存在主要障碍，特别是在PDAC中。PDAC的低血管性质可能会阻碍全身给药后NP沉积到肿瘤中，并且大多数NP主要定位于单核吞噬细胞系统中，导致相对较差的肿瘤与周围器官摄取比。图像引导结合微创介入手术可能有助于规避PDAC中NP药物输送不良的这些障碍。介入治疗允许区域药物递送、靶向血管栓塞、直接肿瘤消融以及破坏PDAC的基质屏障的可能性。与传统疗法相比，介入治疗还可能具有更少的并发症，更快的恢复和更低的成本。这项工作是目前的图像引导介入癌症nanotheranostics的概述，特别关注他们的应用程序管理PDAC。
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for over 90% of all pancreatic cancer. Nanoparticles (NPs) offer new opportunities for image-guided therapy owing to the unique physicochemical properties of the nanoscale effect and the multifunctional capabilities of NPs. However, major obstacles exist for NP-mediated cancer theranostics, especially in PDAC. The hypovascular nature of PDAC may impede the deposition of NPs into the tumor after systemic administration, and most NPs localize predominantly in the mononuclear phagocytic system, leading to a relatively poor tumor-to-surrounding-organ uptake ratio. Image guidance combined with minimally invasive interventional procedures may help circumvent these barriers to poor drug delivery of NPs in PDAC. Interventional treatments allow regional drug delivery, targeted vascular embolization, direct tumor ablation, and the possibility of disrupting the stromal barrier of PDAC. Interventional treatments also have potentially fewer complications, faster recovery, and lower cost compared with conventional therapies. This work is an overview of current image-guided interventional cancer nanotheranostics with specific attention given to their applications for the management of PDAC.