Effects of Floral Scents and Their Dietary Experiences on the Feeding Preference in the Blowfly, Phormia regina.
Effects of Floral Scents and Their Dietary Experiences on the Feeding Preference in the Blowfly, Phormia regina.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnint.2015.00059
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Ozaki M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maeda T;Tamotsu M;Yamaoka R;Ozaki M
不同植物种类的花具有不同的气味，具有不同的化学成分。因此，每一种花香并不会均匀地影响昆虫的取食偏好。丽蝇（Phormia regina）是一种花蜜喂食器，当苍蝇以花蜜为食时，它的嗅觉器官、触角和下颚须都会暴露在气味中。一般来说，摄食偏好受食物风味的影响，这取决于味道和气味。因此，苍蝇同时感知花蜜的甜味和花朵的特殊气味，这种嗅觉信息影响了它们的取食偏好。在这里，我们表明，50种植物的花香对它们的蔗糖摄食动机有不同的影响，这是使用长鼻延伸反射（PER）进行评估。这些花香首先被分为三组，根据它们对PER阈值蔗糖浓度的影响，这表明苍蝇是否天生不喜欢，忽略或喜欢目标气味。此外，嗅觉经验的记忆与这些花香在糖喂养影响PER阈值。在喂食用花香调味的蔗糖溶液5天后，香味剂没有一致地显示出先前观察到的效果。考虑到这种经验的影响气味的PER阈值，我们归类为16所有可能的27个理论类型的50个测试花气味的取食偏好的影响。然后，我们进行了相同的实验与苍蝇的触角或上颚须烧蚀之前PER测试的苍蝇组天真的花的气味和之前的嗅觉经验，在糖喂养的其他苍蝇组，以测试这些器官是如何参与的花的气味的效果。这些结果表明，嗅觉输入通过这些器官在形成或修改摄食偏好发挥不同的作用。因此，我们的研究有助于理解与嗅觉输入与味觉信息的会聚处理相关的潜在机制，这会影响摄食偏好或食欲。
The flowers of different plant species have diverse scents with varied chemical compositions. Hence, every floral scent does not uniformly affect insect feeding preferences. The blowfly, Phormia regina, is a nectar feeder, and when a fly feeds on flower nectar, its olfactory organs, antennae, and maxillary palps are exposed to the scent. Generally, feeding preference is influenced by food flavor, which relies on both taste and odor. Therefore, the flies perceive the sweet taste of nectar and the particular scent of the flower simultaneously, and this olfactory information affects their feeding preference. Here, we show that the floral scents of 50 plant species have various effects on their sucrose feeding motivation, which was evaluated using the proboscis extension reflex (PER). Those floral scents were first categorized into three groups, based on their effects on the PER threshold sucrose concentration, which indicates whether a fly innately dislikes, ignores, or likes the target scent. Moreover, memory of olfactory experience with those floral scents during sugar feeding influenced the PER threshold. After feeding on sucrose solutions flavored with floral scents for 5 days, the scents did not consistently show the previously observed effects. Considering such empirical effects of scents on the PER threshold, we categorized the effects of the 50 tested floral scents on feeding preference into 16 of all possible 27 theoretical types. We then conducted the same experiments with flies whose antennae or maxillary palps were ablated prior to PER test in a fly group naïve to floral scents and prior to the olfactory experience during sugar feeding in the other fly group in order to test how these organs were involved in the effect of the floral scent. The results suggested that olfactory inputs through these organs play different roles in forming or modifying feeding preferences. Thus, our study contributes to an understanding of underlying mechanisms associated with the convergent processing of olfactory inputs with taste information, which affects feeding preference or appetite.