Dark matter phonon coupling

Dark matter phonon coupling
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暗物质声子耦合

DOI:
10.1103/physrevd.100.055011
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Rajendran, Surjeet
Rajendran, Surjeet
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cox, Peter;Melia, Tom;Rajendran, Surjeet

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一般来说,暗物质和原子之间的有效耦合与原子中的成分数量成比例,导致有效耦合与原子的质量成正比。在这个极限下,当动量转移也很小时,我们证明了无论是在晶体中还是在分子中,粒子与原子阵列的光学声子的散射中的主导项都消失了。具有亚电子伏能量阈值的下一代暗物质直接探测实验将在这种效应很重要的情况下运行,而且抑制作用可能会达到天真的预期。对于与质子和中子不同耦合的暗物质,这种抑制通常在10-100量级,但可以通过明智地选择材料来避免,利用核比率的变化来打破耦合与质量的比例。我们通过计算二分子、NaI和蓝宝石晶体的结构因子,给出了这种影响的显式图解。
Generically, the effective coupling between the dark matter and an atom scales with the number of constituents in the atom, resulting in the effective coupling being proportional to the mass of the atom. In this limit, when the momentum transfer is also small, we show that the leading term in the scattering of a particle off the optical phonons of an array of atoms, whether in a crystal or in a molecule, vanishes. Next-generation dark matter direct detection experiments with sub-electron-volt energy thresholds will operate in a regime where this effect is important, and the suppression can be up to orderover naive expectations. For dark matter that couples differently to protons and neutrons, the suppression is typically of order 10–100 but can be avoided through a judicious choice of material, utilizing variations in nuclear ratiosto break the proportionality of the coupling to mass. We provide explicit illustrations of this effect by calculating structure factors for dimolecules and for the crystals NaI and sapphire.
SENSEI:首次对表面运行的亚 GeV 暗物质进行直接检测约束。
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