The Southeast Asian tin belt
The Southeast Asian tin belt
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DOI：
10.1016/0012-8252(95)00004-t
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发表时间：
1995-07
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
M. Schwartz;S. Rajah;A. K. Askury;P. Putthapiban;S. Djaswadi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Schwartz;S. Rajah;A. K. Askury;P. Putthapiban;S. Djaswadi
东南亚锡矿带是一条南北向的狭长地带，长2800公里，宽400公里，从缅甸和泰国延伸到马来西亚半岛和印度尼西亚锡群岛。总共有960万吨锡，相当于世界锡产量的54%来自该地区。根据岩石学和年代学特征，该地区的大多数花岗岩类可在地理上划分为细长的省或带。- 马来西亚半岛西部、泰国半岛南部和泰国中部的主岭花岗岩省几乎全部由黑云母花岗岩组成（184-230 Ma）。与这些花岗岩有关的锡矿床占东南亚历史锡产量的55%。- 泰国北方的北方花岗岩省（占锡产量的0.1%）也有占主导地位的黑云母花岗岩（200-269 Ma），但它以丰富的侵入后变形而闻名。- 东花岗岩省从马来西亚半岛东部延伸到泰国东部。马来西亚部分又分为东海岸带（220-263 Ma）、边界山脉带（197-257 Ma）和中央带（79-219 Ma）。花岗岩类的成分范围很广，从黑云母花岗岩到角闪-黑云母花岗岩/花岗闪长岩和闪长岩-辉长岩。锡矿床与东海岸带的黑云母花岗岩有关（占锡产量的3%）。东部花岗岩省的其他地区的花岗岩类是贫瘠的。- 泰国半岛北方、泰国西部和缅甸的西部花岗岩省（22-149 Ma）有黑云母花岗岩和角闪-黑云母花岗岩/花岗闪长岩。锡矿床与黑云母花岗岩有关，黑云母花岗岩可能是主要相态（占锡产量的14%）。印度尼西亚锡群岛（193-251 Ma）的花岗岩类不允许划分为地理上不同的单元。主岭型和东部省型岩体相邻产出。大多数锡矿与主山脉型岩体有关（占锡产量的28%）。锡矿化岩体以SiO2、K2 O、Rb、Sn、Th、U含量高为特征，Fe 2 O3、MgO、CaO、Na 2 O、Ba、Sr含量低，Fe 2 O3-FeO比值低。锡矿化岩体还具有高的初始87 Sr 86 Sr比值和低的磁化率。
The Southeast Asian Tin Belt is a north-south elongate zone 2800 km long and 400 km wide, extending from Burma (Myanmar) and Thailand to Peninsular Malaysia and the Indonesian Tin Islands. Altogether 9.6 million tonnes of tin, equivalent to 54% of the world's tin production is derived from this region. Most of the granitoids in the region can be grouped geographically into elongate provinces or belts, based on petrographic and geochronological features. - The Main Range Granitoid Province in western Peninsular Malaysia, southern Peninsular Thailand and central Thailand is almost entirely made up of biotite granite (184–230 Ma). Tin deposits associated with these granites contributed 55% of the historic tin production of Southeast Asia. - The Northern Granitoid Province in northern Thailand (0.1% of tin production) also has dominant biotite granite (200–269 Ma) but it is distinguished by abundant post-intrusion deformation. - The Eastern Granitoid Province extends from eastern Peninsular Malaysia to eastern Thailand. The Malaysian part is subdivided into the East Coast Belt (220–263 Ma), Boundary Range Belt (197–257 Ma) and Central Belt (79–219 Ma). The granitoids cover a wide compositional range from biotite granite to hornblende-biotite granite/granodiorite and diorite-gabbro. Tin deposits are associated with biotite granite in the East Coast Belt (3% of tin production). The granitoids in the other areas of the Eastern Granitoid Province are barren. - The Western Granitoid Province (22–149 Ma) in northern Peninsular Thailand, western Thailand and Burma has biotite granite and hornblende-biotite granite/granodiorite. Tin deposits are associated with biotite granite, which probably is the dominant phase (14% of tin production). The granitoids of the Indonesian Tin Islands (193–251 Ma) do not permit grouping into geographically distinct units. Main Range-type and Eastern Province-type plutons occur next to each other. Most of the tin deposits are associated with Main Range-type plutons (28% of tin production). Tin-mineralized plutons are characterized by high concentrations of SiO2, K2O, Rb, Sn, Th and U, whereas the concentrations of Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, Na2O, Ba and Sr as well as the Fe2O3FeO ratios are low. Tin-mineralized plutons are also distinguished by high initial87Sr86Sr ratios low magnetic susceptibilities.