Infection with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes pneumonia in Rhesus macaques
Infection with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes pneumonia in Rhesus macaques
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新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV - 2）感染导致恒河猴患肺炎
DOI：
10.1038/s41422-020-0364-z
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发表时间：
2020-07-07
期刊：
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Yuan, Zhi-Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shan, Chao;Yao, Yan-Feng;Yuan, Zhi-Ming
2019年新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的爆发是对公共卫生的重大挑战。SARS-CoV-2在人类中的感染具有从轻微到严重的广泛临床范围，全球死亡率接近6.4%(根据世界卫生组织每日情况报告)。然而，人们对病毒感染、复制和脱落的动态知之甚少。在这里，我们展示了恒河猴对SARS-CoV-2感染的易感性。经气管接种后，第1天(第1天)口咽拭子中出现病毒RNA的第一个高峰，主要来自接种的输入，第2个高峰出现在第5天，反映了呼吸道的原位复制。组织病理学观察表明，SARS-CoV-2感染可引起动物间质性肺炎，表现为肺泡内单核细胞和淋巴细胞浸润，充血、水肿。我们还在呼吸道组织中检测到SARS-CoV-2RNA，包括气管、支气管和肺，并分别从口咽拭子、支气管和肺中重新分离到病毒。此外，我们还证明了由初次感染产生的中和抗体可以保护恒河猴免受SARS-CoV-2的第二轮攻击。我们建立的非人灵长类动物模型为研究SARS-CoV-2的致病机理和评价候选疫苗和治疗方法提供了一个有价值的平台。
The 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak is a major challenge for public health. SARS-CoV-2 infection in human has a broad clinical spectrum ranging from mild to severe cases, with a mortality rate of similar to 6.4% worldwide (based on World Health Organization daily situation report). However, the dynamics of viral infection, replication and shedding are poorly understood. Here, we show that Rhesus macaques are susceptible to the infection by SARS-CoV-2. After intratracheal inoculation, the first peak of viral RNA was observed in oropharyngeal swabs one day post infection (1 d.p.i.), mainly from the input of the inoculation, while the second peak occurred at 5 d.p.i., which reflected on-site replication in the respiratory tract. Histopathological observation shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause interstitial pneumonia in animals, characterized by hyperemia and edema, and infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes in alveoli. We also identified SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory tract tissues, including trachea, bronchus and lung; and viruses were also re-isolated from oropharyngeal swabs, bronchus and lung, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated that neutralizing antibodies generated from the primary infection could protect the Rhesus macaques from a secondround challenge by SARS-CoV-2. The non-human primate model that we established here provides a valuable platform to study SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and to evaluate candidate vaccines and therapeutics.