Acute effects of transcendental meditation on hemodynamic functioning in middle-aged adults
Acute effects of transcendental meditation on hemodynamic functioning in middle-aged adults
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DOI：
10.1097/00006842-199907000-00017
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Strong, WB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnes, VA;Treiber, FA;Strong, WB
目的：外周血管收缩增强（即总外周阻力，TPR）被认为在原发性高血压的早期发展中起重要作用。一些研究表明，超觉冥想（TM）可降低高血压，但这些血压降低背后的血流动力学调整尚未阐明。本研究的目的是对超觉冥想对总外周阻力的急性影响进行初步研究。
方法：研究对象为32名健康成年人（16名女性和16名男性；30名白种人和2名非裔美国人；平均年龄46.4±3.9岁）。将受试者分为长期进行超觉冥想的超觉冥想组（8名白种女性、9名白种男性和1名非裔美国男性；平均每日两次超觉冥想练习年限为22.4±6.7年）和对照组（8名白种女性、5名白种男性和1名非裔美国男性）。在三种情况下（所有受试者睁眼休息20分钟、超觉冥想组进行20分钟超觉冥想、对照组进行20分钟闭眼放松）之前和期间立即评估血流动力学功能。
结果：在睁眼休息期间，与对照组的升高相比，超觉冥想组的收缩压（SBP）和总外周阻力降低（收缩压：-2.5对+2.4 mmHg，p<0.01；总外周阻力：-0.7对+0.5 mmHg/升/分钟，p<0.004）。在超觉冥想期间，与对照组闭眼放松相比，由于总外周阻力同时更大幅度地降低，收缩压更大幅度地降低（收缩压：-3.0对+2.1 mmHg，p<0.04；总外周阻力：-1.0对+0.3 mmHg/升/分钟，p<0.03）。
结论：在超觉冥想期间总外周阻力显著降低。超觉冥想期间血管收缩张力的降低可能是长期降低高血压的血流动力学机制。本研究结果为理解超觉冥想对心血管危险因素有益影响的潜在血流动力学机制提供了初步贡献。
Objective: Increased peripheral vasoconstriction (ie, total peripheral resistance, or TPR) has been implicated as playing an important role in the early development of essential hypertension. Some studies have demonstrated that Transcendental Meditation (TM) reduces high blood pressure, but the hemodynamic adjustments behind these blood pressure reductions have not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to provide a preliminary investigation of the acute effects of TM on TPR. Methods: Subjects were 32 healthy adults (16 women and 16 men; 30 white and two African American; mean age, 46.4 +/- 3.9 years). Subjects were divided into a TM group of long-term TM practitioners (eight white women, nine white men, and one African American man; mean years of twice-daily TM practice, 22.4 +/- 6.7) and a control group (eight white women, five white men, and one African American man). Hemodynamic functioning was assessed immediately before and during three conditions: 20 minutes of rest with eyes open (all subjects), 20 minutes of TM (TM group), and 20 minutes of eyes-closed relaxation (control group). Results: During eyes-open rest, the TM group had decreases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and TPR, compared with increases in the control group (SBP: -2.5 vs. +2.4 mm Hg, p < .01; TPR: -0.7 vs. +0.5 mm Hg/liter per minute, p < .004). During TM, there was a greater decrease in SEP due to a concomitantly greater decrease in TPR compared with the control group during eyes-closed relaxation (SBP: -3.0 vs. +2.1 mm Hg, p < .04; TPR: -1.0 vs. +0.3 mm Hg/liter per minute, p < .03). Conclusions: TPR decreased significantly during TM. Decreases in vasoconstrictive tone during TM may be the hemodynamic mechanism responsible for reduction of high blood pressure over time. The results of this study provide a preliminary contribution to the understanding of the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms responsible for the beneficial influence of TM on cardiovascular risk factors.