The European Union’s Performance in the International Climate Change Regime
The European Union’s Performance in the International Climate Change Regime
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欧盟在国际气候变化制度中的表现
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Oberthür
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Oberthür
在20世纪90年代和21世纪初的大部分时间里，欧盟（EU）在国际气候政策方面的表现在目标实现（有效性）和相关性方面有了显著改善。然而，2009年哥本哈根峰会的失败代表了欧盟的强烈反对。本文认为，内部因素——特别是内部气候政策的发展——在很大程度上提高了欧盟的绩效条件，但很难解释哥本哈根的反弹。相比之下，气候政治国际格局的态势和结构变化先是支持了欧盟在21世纪头十年的良好表现，然后又显著阻碍了欧盟的良好表现。总体而言，系统地区分欧盟自身直接控制的欧盟内部因素和欧盟影响更为有限的外部条件，使我们能够确定欧盟在气候变化问题上的国际领导地位的外部政治“环境”的演变，以及欧盟未能及时调整其战略以适应这种不断变化的环境，这是哥本哈根反弹的主要力量。
Abstract The performance of the European Union (EU) in international climate policy improved significantly over much of the 1990s and 2000s with respect to goal achievement (effectiveness) and relevance. However, the failure of the Copenhagen Summit in 2009 represented a major backlash for the EU. This article argues that internal factors – including in particular the development of internal climate policy – have mostly enhanced the EU’s performance conditions, but can hardly account for the Copenhagen backlash. In contrast, situational and structural changes in the international configuration of climate politics first supported and then significantly impeded a good EU performance in the 2000s. Overall, distinguishing systematically between EU internal factors that are under the direct control of the EU itself and external conditions on which EU influence is more limited allows us to identify the evolution of the external political ‘environment’ of international EU leadership on climate change, and the failure of the EU to adapt its strategy timely to this evolving environment, as major forces underlying the Copenhagen backlash.