A comparison of existing methods for multiple imputation in individual participant data meta-analysis.

A comparison of existing methods for multiple imputation in individual participant data meta-analysis.
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DOI:
10.1002/sim.7388
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发表时间:
2017-09-30
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Kaizar EE
Kaizar EE
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kunkel D;Kaizar EE

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多重插补是一种常用的处理缺失数据的方法,但当数据具有多层次结构且一个或多个变量系统性缺失时,它的实现是困难的。这种系统性缺失数据模式通常发生在个体受试者数据的荟萃分析中,其中一些变量在某些研究中从未观察到,但在其他分层数据设置中存在。在这些情况下,有效的插补必须考虑变量之间的关系和研究中的相关性。多水平插补的建议方法包括指定一个完整的联合模型和多重插补与链式方程(MICE)。虽然MICE是有吸引力的,其易于实施,有很少的现有工作描述的条件下,这是一个有效的替代指定的完整的联合模型。我们目前的结果表明,多水平正态模型,MICE很少完全等同于联合模型填补。通过一个模拟研究和一个例子使用的数据从创伤性脑损伤研究,我们发现,尽管理论上的差异,MICE插补往往产生类似的结果,使用关节模型。我们还评估了先验分布在MICE插补方法中的影响,发现当缺失率较高时,MICE模型中的先验选择往往会影响跨研究变异性的估计,而不是条件似然的兼容性。
Multiple imputation is a popular method for addressing missing data, but its implementation is difficult when data have a multilevel structure and one or more variables are systematically missing. This systematic missing data pattern may commonly occur in meta-analysis of individual participant data, where some variables are never observed in some studies, but are present in other hierarchical data settings. In these cases, valid imputation must account for both relationships between variables and correlation within studies. Proposed methods for multilevel imputation include specifying a full joint model and multiple imputation with chained equations (MICE). While MICE is attractive for its ease of implementation, there is little existing work describing conditions under which this is a valid alternative to specifying the full joint model. We present results showing that for multilevel normal models, MICE is rarely exactly equivalent to joint model imputation. Through a simulation study and an example using data from a traumatic brain injury study, we found that in spite of theoretical differences, MICE imputations often produce results similar to those obtained using the joint model. We also assess the influence of prior distributions in MICE imputation methods and find that when missingness is high, prior choices in MICE models tend to affect estimation of across-study variability more than compatibility of conditional likelihoods.
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