Characterizing herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence declines and epidemiological association in the United States
Characterizing herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence declines and epidemiological association in the United States
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0214151
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发表时间：
2019-06-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Abu-Raddad, Laith J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chemaitelly, Hiam;Nagelkerke, Nico;Abu-Raddad, Laith J.
目的评估 1999 年至 2016 年美国单纯疱疹病毒 1 型 (HSV-1) 和 2 型 (HSV-2) 感染之间的流行病学关联，并描述标准化 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 抗体流行率（血清流行率）的趋势。方法数据来源是国家健康和营养检查调查的横断面和全国代表性的双年度调查（NHANES）。 1999-2016 年所有九轮 NHANES 均纳入分析。这些轮次的数据集被组合并分析，以考虑调查设计和应用加权程序。使用逻辑回归来确定与血清阳性的关联。进行敏感性分析。结果男性HSV-1感染几率每年下降2.84%（95% CI：1.70%-4.00%），女性感染HSV-1几率每年下降2.22%（95% CI：1.23%-3.21%）。年轻时的下降幅度最高。男性感染HSV-2的几率每年下降2.23%（95% CI：0.71%-3.82%），女性感染HSV-2的几率每年下降2.89%（95% CI：1.57%-4.28%）。调整年龄、种族和年份后，HSV-2 和 HSV-1 血清阳性率之间的关联优势比，男性为 0.71 (95% CI: 0.60-0.84)，女性为 0.81 (95% CI: 0.72-0.91)。 结论 至少二十年来，男女的 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 血清阳性率均呈现出强烈下降的趋势对于不同种族，可能反映了卫生和生活条件的改善（对于 HSV-1）以及更安全的性行为（对于 HSV-2）。 HSV-1 血清阳性率下降在年轻人中最为明显。有证据表明两种感染之间存在交叉保护，表明 HSV-1 血清阳性对 HSV-2 感染具有部分保护作用。
ObjectiveAssessing the epidemiological association between herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) infections in the United States, and characterizing the trends in the standardized HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibody prevalences (seroprevalences), 1999-2016.MethodsSource of data was the cross-sectional and nationally-representative biennial surveys of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). All nine NHANES rounds for 1999-2016 were included in analysis. Datasets of these rounds were combined and analyzed accounting for survey design and applying weighting procedures. Logistic regressions were used to identify associations with seropositivity. Sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsOdds of HSV-1 infection declined by 2.84% (95% CI: 1.70%-4.00%) annually among men, and by 2.22% (95% CI: 1.23%-3.21%) among women. Declines were highest at younger ages. Odds of HSV-2 infection declined by 2.23% (95% CI: 0.71%-3.82%) annually among men, and by 2.89% (95% CI: 1.57%-4.28%) among women. Odds ratio of the association between HSV-2 and HSV-1 seropositivity was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.60-0.84) for men and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.72-0.91) for women, after adjustment for age, ethnicity, and year.ConclusionHSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalences showed a strong declining trend for at least two decades, for both sexes and for the different ethnicities, possibly reflecting improvements in hygiene and living conditions (for HSV-1), and safer sexual behavior (for HSV-2). HSV-1 seroprevalence declines are most pronounced among young individuals. There is evidence for cross protection between the two infections, suggestive of HSV-1 seropositivity being partially protective against HSV-2 infection.