Novel FAD3 Mutant Allele Combinations Produce Soybeans Containing 1% Linolenic Acid in the Seed Oil
Novel FAD3 Mutant Allele Combinations Produce Soybeans Containing 1% Linolenic Acid in the Seed Oil
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2010.01.0044
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
LeRoy, Allen R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bilyeu, Kristin;Gillman, Jason D.;LeRoy, Allen R.
大豆[甘氨酸max (L.)]稳定。油通常含有约7%的亚麻酸，这是一种不稳定的氧化脂肪酸，在许多食品应用中是不可取的。对于食用油，通过部分氢化减少亚麻酸含量会产生反式脂肪酸，现在已知反式脂肪酸会增加患冠心病的风险。亚麻酸的遗传还原在几十年前就已经实现，最近发现3%和1%亚麻酸大豆种质的分子遗传基础是大豆omega-3脂肪酸去饱和酶（FAD3）基因的三个独立成员的突变组合，这些基因对应于fan1、fan2和fan3位点。当突变体GmFAD3A和GmFAD3C基因在育种品系CX1512-44中组合时，亚麻酸含量降低到约为籽油的3%。当突变体GmFAD3A和GmFAD3B基因在育种系RG-10中组合时，产生了类似的脂肪酸谱，约为3%的亚麻酸。本研究的目的是确定CX1512-44突变体FAD3等位基因的不同组合和rg -10衍生的大豆品系产生低于3%亚麻酸的能力。结果表明，三个FAD3基因的新突变组合能够生产出籽油中亚麻酸含量仅为1%的大豆种子。
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil typically contains about 7% of linolenic acid, an oxidatively unstable fatty acid that is undesirable for many food applications. For cooking oil, reduction of the linolenic acid content by partial hydrogenation produces trans fatty acids, which are now known to increase the risk of coronary heart disease. Genetic reduction of linolenic acid was achieved decades ago, and recently the molecular genetic basis for both 3% and 1% linolenic acid soybean germplasm was revealed to be combinations of mutations in three independent members of the soybean omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD3) genes that corresponded to the fan1, fan2, and fan3 loci. When the mutant GmFAD3A and GmFAD3C genes are found in combination in the breeding line CX1512-44, the linolenic acid content is reduced to approximately 3% of the of the seed oil. When the mutant GmFAD3A and GmFAD3B genes are in combination in the breeding line RG-10, a similar fatty acid profile is produced with approximately 3% linolenic acid. The objective of this work was to determine the ability of different combinations of mutant FAD3 alleles from CX1512-44 and an RG-10-derived soybean line to produce less than 3% linolenic acid in the seed oil. The results indicated that novel combinations of mutations in the three FAD3 genes are capable of producing soybean seeds containing only 1% linolenic acid in the seed oil.