Metal-Poor Stars and the Chemical Enrichment of the Universe
Metal-Poor Stars and the Chemical Enrichment of the Universe
复制标题
贫金属恒星和宇宙的化学富集
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-007-5612-0_3
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Norris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Frebel;J. Norris
缺乏金属的恒星是我们了解元素起源和宇宙化学演化的关键。本章描述了这些稀有恒星的发现过程，它们的表面丰度（在超新星和其他演化恒星中产生）是如何通过分析它们的光谱来确定的，以及如何解释它们的丰度模式来阐明起源和演化的问题。更广泛地说，对这些恒星的研究有助于其他基础领域，包括核天体物理学、最早时期的条件、第一批恒星的性质以及星系的形成和演化——包括我们自己的银河系。我们用对大爆炸期间形成的锂的研究结果来说明这一点；在该事件的~ 1gyr范围内的恒星；最缺乏金属的恒星，其丰度特征与其他所有恒星非常不同；以及在最初的几个Gyr中元素的积累。丰度和运动特征的结合限制了银河系的形成方式，而最近在银河系矮星系卫星中发现的极度缺乏金属的恒星限制了它的恒星晕从以暗物质为主的小系统中分层建立。(简略)
Metal-poor stars hold the key to our understanding of the origin of the elements and the chemical evolution of the Universe. This chapter describes the process of discovery of these rare stars, the manner in which their surface abundances (produced in supernovae and other evolved stars) are determined from the analysis of their spectra, and the interpretation of their abundance patterns to elucidate questions of origin and evolution. More generally, studies of these stars contribute to other fundamental areas that include nuclear astrophysics, conditions at the earliest times, the nature of the first stars, and the formation and evolution of galaxies -- including our own Milky Way. We illustrate this with results from studies of lithium formed during the Big Bang; of stars dated to within ~1 Gyr of that event; of the most metal-poor stars, with abundance signatures very different from all other stars; and of the build-up of the elements over the first several Gyr. The combination of abundance and kinematic signatures constrains how the Milky Way formed, while recent discoveries of extremely metal-poor stars in the Milky Way's dwarf galaxy satellites constrain the hierarchical build-up of its stellar halo from small dark-matter dominated systems. [abridged]
DOI：
10.1086/590336
发表时间：
2008-05
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
N. Martin;J. D. de Jong;H. Rix
通讯作者：
N. Martin;J. D. de Jong;H. Rix