THE EFFECTS OF THE GUT MICROFLORA AND DIETARY FIBER ON ENERGY-UTILIZATION BY THE CHICK
THE EFFECTS OF THE GUT MICROFLORA AND DIETARY FIBER ON ENERGY-UTILIZATION BY THE CHICK
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DOI：
10.1079/bjn19820089
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
COATES, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HEGDE, SN;ROLLS, BA;COATES, ME
饲粮中分别添加和不添加甘蔗渣或麦秸膳食纤维。对纤维材料的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量进行了分析。采用平衡法测定各组饲粮的消化能（DE）和代谢能（ME）。4周龄无菌雏鸡和普通雏鸡分别饲喂不添加青霉素组和添加和不添加不同水平麦秸作为纤维来源的饲粮，并测定这两组饲粮的代谢能。饲粮中添加不同形式的纤维降低了常规成鸡饲粮的消化能和代谢能，降低了无菌和常规雏鸡饲粮的代谢能。消化能和代谢能的比例都降低了，这表明膳食纤维在很大程度上是膳食能量的非活性稀释剂，并不影响其他营养物质的吸收。在无菌雏鸡和常规雏鸡中，饲粮中添加麦秸的比例与代谢能降低呈线性关系。在无菌或常规环境下，饮食中青霉素没有改变饮食的代谢能。添加麦秸对常规雏鸡代谢能的降低小于无菌雏鸡。这可能是由于具有肠道菌群的雏鸡能够从麦秸中获得少量能量。
Groups of adult colostimized chickens were given diets with and without dietary fiber in the form of bagasse or wheat straw. The fibrous materials were analyzed for their contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The digestible energies (DE) and metabolizable energies (ME) of these diets were measured by a balance method. Groups of germ-free and conventional chicks aged 4 wk were given diets with an without penicillin or with and without graded levels of wheat straw as a source of fiber, and the ME of these diets were determined. The incorporation of the forms of dietary fiber tested reduced the DE and the ME of the diets in adult conventional chickens and the ME in young germ-free and conventional chicks. Both DE and ME were reduced in proportions that suggested that the dietary fiber present was acting largely as an inactive diluent of the dietary energy and was not affecting the absorption of other nutrients. In the young germ-free and conventional chicks, there was a linear relationship between the proportion of wheat straw in 1 diet and the reduction in ME. Dietary penicillin did not alter the ME of the diet in either the germ-free or the conventional environments. The reduction of ME with incorporation of wheat straw was less in conventional than in germ-free chicks. This may be due to the ability of chicks with a gut flora to obtain a small amount of energy from wheat straw.