Spermine signaling plays a significant role in the defense response of Arabidopsis thaliana to cucumber mosaic virus
Spermine signaling plays a significant role in the defense response of Arabidopsis thaliana to cucumber mosaic virus
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jplph.2008.08.006
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kusano, Tomonobu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mitsuya, Yoshiko;Takahashi, Yoshihiro;Kusano, Tomonobu
我们提出，多胺精胺（Spm）作为信号分子，在无毒病原体攻击的烟草植物中引起防御反应/细胞死亡。为了深入了解其分子基础，通过 SuperSAGE 分析鉴定了拟南芥中的 Spm 响应基因。近 90% 的 Spm 反应基因在黄瓜花叶病毒 (CMV) 引发的过敏反应期间也有反应。 Spm调节氧化还原成分基因以及参与蛋白质折叠和分泌、蛋白质降解和防御的基因的表达。另外两个显着的变化是响应 Spm 而发生的，即光呼吸途径成员的表达协调增强以及电子流从呼吸的初级电子转移链转移到替代氧化酶途径。 Spm激活了ZAT7、ZAT12、AtWRKY40和AtbZIP60等6个转录因子基因的表达，其中前三个基因的产物目前被指定为H2O2信号通路的组成部分，表明H2O2参与了Spm触发的反应。由于 AtbZIP60 在拟南芥的未折叠蛋白反应中发挥着重要作用，因此它可能起到控制参与蛋白折叠和分泌的基因表达的作用，正如上面提到的。 Spm 诱导和 CMV 触发的基因上调基本上是一致的，并且它们的诱导被 Spm 氧化抑制剂抑制。此外，在接种 CMV 之前使用这些抑制剂进行处理可以使拟南芥植物中的病毒增殖更高。这些结果支持拟南芥中存在 Spm 信号通路及其在防御 CMV 中的重要作用。 (C) 2008 爱思唯尔有限公司。版权所有。
We have proposed that the polyamine spermine (Spm) functions as a signaling molecule to evoke defense reactions/cell death in avirulent pathogen-attacked tobacco plants. To understand its molecular basis in depth, Spm-responsive genes in Arabidopsis thaliana were identified by SuperSAGE analysis. Close to 90% of the Spm-responsive genes also responded during cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-elicited hypersensitive response. Spm modulated the expression of genes of redox components, and genes involved in protein folding and secretion, protein degradation and defense. Two other prominent changes, the coordinately enhanced expression of members of the photo respiration pathway and a diversion in electron flow from the primary electron transfer chain of respiration to an alternative oxidase pathway, occurred in response to Spm. Spm activated the expression of 6 transcription factor genes including ZAT7, ZAT12, AtWRKY40 and AtbZIP60, of which the former three genes' products are currently assigned as components of H2O2 signaling pathway, suggesting the involvement of H2O2 in Spm-triggered responses. Since AtbZIP60 plays a proven master role in the unfolded protein response in Arabidopsis thaliana, it may function to control the expression of genes participating in protein folding and secretion, which were mentioned above. Spm induction and CMV-triggered up-regulation of the genes described mainly coincided and their induction was suppressed by inhibitors of Spm oxidation. Furthermore, treatment with those inhibitors prior to CMV inoculation allowed higher viral multiplication in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. These results support the existence of a Spm-signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana and its significant role in defense against CMV. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.