Old Needs, New Solutions: Comparable Corpora for Language Professionals
Old Needs, New Solutions: Comparable Corpora for Language Professionals
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旧需求，新解决方案：语言专业人士的可比语料库
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-20128-8_16
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Adriano Ferraresi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Silvia Bernardini;Adriano Ferraresi
语言服务提供者和语言专业人员对语料库的使用仍然有限，因为存在着相互竞争的资源，人们可能认为获取和（学习）使用这些资源（如翻译记忆软件、术语库等）所需的时间和精力较少。然而，这些资源有局限性，可以通过在翻译工具包中集成可比语料库和语料库构建工具来弥补。本章概述了不同类型的可比语料库在翻译教学和实践中的应用。首先，两个传统的语料库类型，即小型和专门的“手工”语料库收集的最终用户自己的特定任务，大型和一般的“制造”语料库收集的专家团队，并提供给最终用户。我们认为，在这两个对立面之间找到一个中间地带对专业的理解至关重要。为此，我们展示了如何BootCaT工具包可以用来构建一个特定的翻译任务的大型和相对专业的可比语料库，以及如何，在非常简单的方式改变搜索参数，从而构建的语料库的大小和可用性可以进一步增加。该过程是举例说明参考模拟任务（翻译的患者信息传单从英语到意大利语），其疗效通过最终用户的问卷调查进行评估。
Use of corpora by language service providers and language professionals remains limited due to the existence of competing resources that are likely to be perceived as less demanding in terms of time and effort required to obtain and (learn to) use them (e.g. translation memory software, term bases and so forth). These resources however have limitations that could be compensated for through the integration of comparable corpora and corpus building tools in the translator’s toolkit. This chapter provides an overview of the ways in which different types of comparable corpora can be used in translation teaching and practice. First, two traditional corpus typologies are presented, namely small and specialized “handmade” corpora collected by end-users themselves for a specific task, and large and general “manufactured” corpora collected by expert teams and made available to end users. We suggest that striking a middleground between these two opposites is vital for professional uptake. To this end, we show how the BootCaT toolkit can be used to construct largish and relatively specialized comparable corpora for a specific translation task, and how, varying the search parameters in very simple ways, the size and usability of the corpora thus constructed can be further increased. The process is exemplified with reference to a simulated task (the translation of a patient information leaflet from English into Italian) and its efficacy is evaluated through an end-user questionnaire.