Redistribution of forest carbon caused by patch blowdowns in subalpine forests of the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA
Redistribution of forest carbon caused by patch blowdowns in subalpine forests of the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA
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美国落基山脉南部亚高山森林因斑块排污造成的森林碳重新分配
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发表时间：
2013
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Wohl
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文献类型：
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作者：
E. Wohl
2011-2012年冬季，美国科罗拉多州落基山国家公园的几个地区受到了面积从0.1公顷到33公顷不等的地尘的影响。这些吹落通过砍伐和连根拔起树木导致了森林碳的大量再分配，从而增加了溪流木材的补充，枯木向森林地面的补充，以及连根拔起的树木板上的有机土壤的暴露。在落基山国家公园的五个地点，碳再分配的估计范围在高严重性斑块中高达308毫克C/公顷，在低严重性斑块中为106毫克C/公顷，其中10-30%是土壤C，其余是砍伐的木材。在高严重程度的地点，从活生物量到死生物量的碳重分配量占该地区原始亚高山森林平均总生物量的很大一部分。因此，在气候变暖的情况下，排污的频率和/或严重程度可能增加，这是向大气输送陆地碳的一个重要潜在来源。这些碳大部分以倒下的木材的形式存在，成为大气中的碳源，尽管倒下的木材和河流过程之间的相互作用可以局部增加洪泛区土壤中的碳储量。对降水和风型变化的预测，以及与之相关的野火和虫害的变化表明，未来南落基山脉的排灌可能会变得更加普遍，但其对碳动态的影响取决于排灌与其他过程（如洪泛区有机质储存）之间特定地点的相互作用。
Patch blowdowns varying in size from 0.1 to 33 ha affected several areas in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA, during the winter of 2011–2012. These blowdowns resulted in substantial redistribution of forest carbon by snapping and uprooting trees, thereby increasing instream wood recruitment, recruitment of dead wood to the forest floor, and exposure of organic soil on uprooted tree plates. Estimates of carbon redistribution at five sites in Rocky Mountain National Park range as high as 308 Mg C/ha in high‐severity patches to 106 Mg C/ha in low‐severity patches, of which typically 10–30% is soil C and the remainder is downed wood. Masses of carbon redistributed from living to dead biomass at high‐severity sites represent a substantial portion of average total biomass in old‐growth subalpine forests in the region. Consequently, the potential for increasing frequency and/or severity of blowdowns under a warming climate represents a significant potential source of terrestrial carbon to the atmosphere. The majority of this carbon is in the form of downed wood that becomes a carbon source to the atmosphere, although interactions between downed wood and river processes can locally increase carbon storage in floodplain soil. Predictions of changes in precipitation and wind patterns, and associated changes in wildfire and insect infestation, suggest that blowdowns may become more common in future in the Southern Rockies, but the consequences for carbon dynamics depend on site‐specific interactions between blowdowns and other processes such as floodplain storage of organic matter.