Interactive overlay maps for US patent (USPTO) data based on International Patent Classification (IPC)
Interactive overlay maps for US patent (USPTO) data based on International Patent Classification (IPC)
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DOI：
10.1007/s11192-012-0923-2
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发表时间：
2012-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
L. Leydesdorff;D. Kushnir;Ismael Rafols
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Leydesdorff;D. Kushnir;Ismael Rafols
我们报告了美国专利商标局（USPTO）的接口的开发，该接口允许将专利组合映射为从1976-2011年期间该数据库中包含的所有专利之间的引用关系构建的底图的覆盖图。界面和数据都属于公共领域;免费软件程序VOSViewer和/或Pajek可用于可视化。这些底图和覆盖图可以在世界知识产权组织（WIPO）的国际专利分类（IPC）的3位数和4位数级别上生成。底图可以为分析师提供一个稳定的心理框架，以跟踪不同年份的搜索进展，并可以动画显示。USPTO先进的搜索引擎的充分灵活性可用于生成专利和/或专利申请集，从而可以可视化和比较。该工具允许解决有关技术距离、组合多样性的问题，并随着时间的推移推动技术和组织技术能力的发展。
We report on the development of an interface to the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) that allows for the mapping of patent portfolios as overlays to basemaps constructed from citation relations among all patents contained in this database during the period 1976–2011. Both the interface and the data are in the public domain; the freeware programs VOSViewer and/or Pajek can be used for the visualization. These basemaps and overlays can be generated at both the 3-digit and 4-digit levels of the International Patent Classification (IPC) of the world intellectual property organization (WIPO). The basemaps can provide a stable mental framework for analysts to follow developments over searches for different years, which can be animated. The full flexibility of the advanced search engines of USPTO are available for generating sets of patents and/or patent applications which can thus be visualized and compared. This instrument allows for addressing questions about technological distance, diversity in portfolios, and animating the developments of both technologies and technological capacities of organizations over time.