Preventing Return of Fear in an Animal Model of Anxiety: Additive Effects of Massive Extinction and Extinction in Multiple Contexts
Preventing Return of Fear in an Animal Model of Anxiety: Additive Effects of Massive Extinction and Extinction in Multiple Contexts
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.beth.2012.11.001
复制
发表时间：
2013-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Miller, Ralph R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laborda, Mario A.;Miller, Ralph R.
恐惧条件反射和实验性消退已分别作为焦虑症和暴露疗法的模型提出。此外，恐惧的回归可以作为暴露疗法后复发的模型。在这里，我们提出了两个实验，大鼠作为受试者在舔抑制准备，在其中，我们评估了两种不同的治疗，以减轻恐惧的回报的累加效应。首先，我们评估了两种已知的产生恐惧回归的现象（即，自发的恢复和更新），从而产生一种更强烈的被熄灭的恐惧的再现。在测试中，在灭绝后长时间延迟后在灭绝背景之外评估的大鼠（即，延迟的背景转换）表现出比在单独的灭绝背景之外评估的大鼠更大的消除的恐惧的返回，但是延迟的背景转换之后消除的恐惧的返回与在单独的灭绝之后长时间延迟之后测试的大鼠中引起的恐惧的返回没有显著差异。此外，在多种情境中的灭绝和大规模灭绝治疗都减弱了延迟的情境转换所产生的强烈恐惧。此外，这些治疗的联合作用在预防已消除的恐惧的再现方面显着更成功，这表明在几种不同的治疗环境中给予的广泛的线索暴露有可能减少焦虑症治疗后的复发，超过单独的操作。
Fear conditioning and experimental extinction have been presented as models of anxiety disorders and exposure therapy, respectively. Moreover, the return of fear serves as a model of relapse after exposure therapy. Here we present two experiments, with rats as subjects in a lick suppression preparation, in which we assessed the additive effects of two different treatments to attenuate the return of fear. First, we evaluated whether two phenomena known to generate return of fear (i.e., spontaneous recovery and renewal) summate to produce a stronger reappearance of extinguished fear. At test, rats evaluated outside the extinction context following a long delay after extinction (i.e., a delayed context shift) exhibited greater return of extinguished fear than rats evaluated outside the extinction context alone, but return of extinguished fear following a delayed context shift did not significantly differ from the return of fear elicited in rats tested following a long delay after extinction alone. Additionally, extinction in multiple contexts and a massive extinction treatment each attenuated the strong return of fear produced by a delayed context shift. Moreover, the conjoint action of these treatments was significantly more successful in preventing the reappearance of extinguished fear, suggesting that extensive cue exposure administered in several different therapeutic settings has the potential to reduce relapse after therapy for anxiety disorders, more than either manipulation alone.