The Association Between Individual Time Preferences and Health Maintenance Habits
The Association Between Individual Time Preferences and Health Maintenance Habits
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DOI：
10.1177/0272989x09342276
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Bradford, W. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bradford, W. David
上下文鼓励健康的行为，包括疾病筛查，运动和避免吸烟，近几十年来一直是临床关注的重要焦点。关于个人偏好与时间游戏和预防性医疗保健的使用和健康的生活方式之间的关联知之甚少。Objective.确定这些健康行为的发生率是否与潜伏时间偏好相关。设计区间回归分析用于估算个体水平的贴现率。使用单因素概率单位模型评估了高折扣组与低折扣组至中度折扣组的健康行为发生率的平均差异。参与者2004年的健康和退休调查包括一个时间偏好模块（1 039名年龄在24至65岁之间的受访者）。主要结局指标。最近的乳房X光检查，乳房检查，子宫颈抹片检查，前列腺检查，胆固醇测试，流感疫苗，牙科就诊率，以及非吸烟状态。结果分布中第20百分位数的受访者的平均估算年贴现率为0.335（33.5%）。高折扣率状态被发现对受访者最近使用乳房X光检查的概率有负的边际关联（-15.1%; P = 0.001），使用巴氏涂片（-8.3%; P = 0.049），前列腺检查使用（-20.4%; P = 0.003），牙科就诊（-24.8%; P = 0.001），胆固醇检测（-12.4%; P = 0.001），流感疫苗使用（-11.1%; P = 0.005），剧烈运动率（-15.1%; P = 0.001）、不吸烟状态（-10.4%; P = 0.001）和承担所有测量的健康习惯（-7%; P = 0.001）。结论.对现在和未来的潜在偏好的差异可能是人们倾向于采取健康生活方式的一个重大障碍。
Context. Encouraging healthy behaviors, including disease screening, exercise, and tobacco avoidance, has been a significant focus of clinical attention in recent decades. Little is known about the association between individual preferences with respect to time play and preventive health care use and healthy lifestyles. Objective. To determine whether rates of these health behaviors are associated with latent time preferences. Design. Interval regression analysis was used to impute individual level discount rates. The difference in means for the rates of health behaviors were assessed for high vs. low to moderate discounting groups using one-factor probit models. Participants. The 2004 wave of the Health and Retirement Survey included in a time preferences module (1,039 respondents aged 24 to 65 years). Main Outcome Measures. Rates of recent mammograms, breast exams, Pap smears, prostate exams, cholesterol testing, flu shots, and dental visits, and non-smoking status. Results. Respondents in the upper 20th percentile of the distribution have an average imputed annual discount rate of 0.335 (33.5%). High discount rate status is found to have a negative marginal association on the probability that respondents had recent mammogram use (-15.1%; P = 0.001), Pap smear use (-8.3%; P = 0.049), prostate examination use (-20.4%; P = 0.003), dental visits (-24.8%; P = 0.001), cholesterol testing (-12.4%; P = 0.001), flu shot usage (-11.1%; P = 0.005), rates of vigorous exercise (-15.1%; P = 0.001), nonsmoking status (-10.4%; P = 0.001), and undertook all measured health habits (-7%; P = 0.001). Conclusions. Differences in underlying preferences for the present over the future may be a substantial barrier for people's propensity to adopt healthy lifestyles.