Penetration and Toxicity of Nanomaterials in Higher Plants.
Penetration and Toxicity of Nanomaterials in Higher Plants.
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DOI：
10.3390/nano5020851
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发表时间：
2015-05-26
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Poma A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chichiriccò G;Poma A
纳米材料 (NM) 包括自然界中存在且也可以在实验室中生产的由金属、氧化物和盐组成的无机颗粒，或仅源自实验室的有机颗粒，其至少一个维度的尺寸在 1 至 100 nm 之间。根据形状、尺寸、表面积和电荷，纳米材料具有不同的机械、化学、电学和光学特性，使其适合技术和生物医学应用，因此它们被越来越多地生产和改性。尽管它们具有有益的潜力，但由于它们能够进入动植物体并与细胞相互作用，因此它们的使用可能对健康有害。对纳米材料的研究涉及技术专家、生物学家、物理学家、化学家和生态学家，因此有大量的报告显着提高了知识水平，特别是在纳米技术领域；然而，有关纳米生物学的许多方面仍未被发现，包括与植物生物分子的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们研究了关于 NM 渗透植物器官并与细胞相互作用的方式的现有知识，目的是揭示 NM 的反应性和对植物的毒性。对这些要点进行批判性讨论，以调整植物健康风险的平衡，并为该主题的新研究提供一些建议。
Nanomaterials (NMs) comprise either inorganic particles consisting of metals, oxides, and salts that exist in nature and may be also produced in the laboratory, or organic particles originating only from the laboratory, having at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nm in size. According to shape, size, surface area, and charge, NMs have different mechanical, chemical, electrical, and optical properties that make them suitable for technological and biomedical applications and thus they are being increasingly produced and modified. Despite their beneficial potential, their use may be hazardous to health owing to the capacity to enter the animal and plant body and interact with cells. Studies on NMs involve technologists, biologists, physicists, chemists, and ecologists, so there are numerous reports that are significantly raising the level of knowledge, especially in the field of nanotechnology; however, many aspects concerning nanobiology remain undiscovered, including the interactions with plant biomolecules. In this review we examine current knowledge on the ways in which NMs penetrate plant organs and interact with cells, with the aim of shedding light on the reactivity of NMs and toxicity to plants. These points are discussed critically to adjust the balance with regard to the risk to the health of the plants as well as providing some suggestions for new studies on this topic.