Specific exemplar retention and prototype abstraction in young and old adults.
Specific exemplar retention and prototype abstraction in young and old adults.
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.1.3.202
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发表时间：
1986-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Slaughter, S J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hess, T M;Slaughter, S J
考察了特定概念成员信息保持的年龄差异对提取中心倾向信息能力的影响。年轻人和老年人被展示了一系列围绕原型组织的视觉模式。然后，在一项识别测试中，向他们展示了这些相同的模式，外加一组原型相似性不同的新模式。研究发现，年轻人保留了更多关于特定习得集合样本的信息，这导致了对新模式的识别反应略有不同。然而，年轻人和老年人的认知行为似乎都受相同的规则支配。这表明，概念信息的组织不会随着年龄的增长而改变，但老年人对特定项目信息的保留较差可能会导致表征不那么完整。
The effects of age differences in retention of information about specific concept members on the ability to abstract central tendency information were examined. Young and older adults were presented with a series of visual patterns that were organized around a prototype. They were then presented with these same patterns plus a set of new patterns varying in prototype similarity in a recognition test. It was found that young adults retained more information about specific acquisition set exemplars, which resulted in slightly different recognition responses for new patterns. However, the recognition behavior of both young and older adults appeared to be governed by the same rules. It is suggested that the organization of conceptual information does not change with age, but the poorer retention of specific item information in older adults may result in a less complete representation.