THGEM-based detectors for sampling elements in DHCAL: laboratory and beam evaluation
THGEM-based detectors for sampling elements in DHCAL: laboratory and beam evaluation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1088/1748-0221/7/05/c05011
复制
发表时间：
2011-12
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
L. Arazi;A. Breskin;R. Chechik;M. Cortesi;M. Pitt;A. Rubin;H. N. Luz;J. Santos;C. Azevedo;D. Covita;C. Oliveira;J. Veloso;M. Breidenbach;D. Freytag;G. Haller;R. Herbst;S. Park;A. White;J. Yu;E. Oliveri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Arazi;A. Breskin;R. Chechik;M. Cortesi;M. Pitt;A. Rubin;H. N. Luz;J. Santos;C. Azevedo;D. Covita;C. Oliveira;J. Veloso;M. Breidenbach;D. Freytag;G. Haller;R. Herbst;S. Park;A. White;J. Yu;E. Oliveri
我们报告了一项广泛的研发计划的结果，该计划旨在评估厚气体电子倍增器（THGEM）作为数字强子量热法（DHCAL）的潜在活性元素。结果显示了带有 1 cm2 读出垫的 10x10 cm2 原型探测器的效率、垫多重性和放电概率。该检测器由直接或通过电阻阳极耦合到垫电极的单或双 THGEM 乘法器组成。采用标准分立电子器件和 KPiX 读出系统的研究已在实验室条件下以及在 CERN RD51 测试束上使用 μ 介子和π介子进行。对于具有电荷感应间隙的探测器，研究表明，即使是约 6 mm 厚的单 THGEM 探测器也能达到 95% 以上的探测效率，每个事件的焊盘命中多重性为 1.1?1.2；放电概率约为 10?6-10?5 火花/触发，具体取决于探测器结构和增益。使用由电阻阳极封闭的 WELL 孔结构进行的初步束流测试产生的放电概率 < 2x10?6，效率约为 95%。提出了通过电阻阳极减少电荷扩散和焊盘多重性的方法。新方法显示出进一步评估非常薄的基于 THGEM 的探测器作为 DHCAL 潜在活性元件的良好前景，具有竞争性的性能、简单性和鲁棒性。进一步的发展正在进行中。
We report on the results of an extensive R&}D program aimed at the evaluation of Thick-Gas Electron Multipliers (THGEM) as potential active elements for Digital Hadron Calorimetry (DHCAL). Results are presented on efficiency, pad multiplicity and discharge probability of a 10x10 cm2 prototype detector with 1 cm2 readout pads. The detector is comprised of single- or double-THGEM multipliers coupled to the pad electrode either directly or via a resistive anode. Investigations employing standard discrete electronics and the KPiX readout system have been carried out both under laboratory conditions and with muons and pions at the CERN RD51 test beam. For detectors having a charge-induction gap, it has been shown that even a ~ 6 mm thick single-THGEM detector reached detection efficiencies above 95%, with pad-hit multiplicity of 1.1?1.2 per event; discharge probabilities were of the order of 10?6-10?5 sparks/trigger, depending on the detector structure and gain. Preliminary beam tests with a WELL hole-structure, closed by a resistive anode, yielded discharge probabilities of < 2x10?6 for an efficiency of ~ 95%. Methods are presented to reduce charge-spread and pad multiplicity with resistive anodes. The new method showed good prospects for further evaluation of very thin THGEM-based detectors as potential active elements for DHCAL, with competitive performances, simplicity and robustness. Further developments are in course.