Airdropping sensor networks from drones and insects
Airdropping sensor networks from drones and insects
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DOI：
10.1145/3372224.3419981
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发表时间：
2020-09
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Vikram Iyer;Maruchi Kim;Shirley Xue;Anran Wang;Shyamnath Gollakota
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作者：
Vikram Iyer;Maruchi Kim;Shirley Xue;Anran Wang;Shyamnath Gollakota
我们推出了第一个可以从小型无人机和活昆虫空投无线传感器的系统。除了实现低功耗和远距离通信的挑战之外，空投无线传感器也很困难，因为它要求传感器能够承受在半空中掉落时的冲击。我们的设计灵感来自于大自然：像蚂蚁这样的小昆虫可以从高楼坠落并因其微小的质量和尺寸而生存。受此启发，我们设计了昆虫级无线传感器，该传感器与机载电源和轻型机械执行器完全集成，可与空中平台分离。我们的系统引入了首创的 37 mg 机械释放机构，可在飞行过程中释放传感器，仅使用 450 μJ 的能量，以及无线通信链路，可以以 33 kbps 的速度传输传感器数据，最远可达 1 公里。部署后，我们的 98 毫克无线传感器在使用 68 毫克电池时每小时传输 10-50 个数据包时可以运行 1.3-2.5 年。我们演示了对小型 28 毫米宽的无人机和飞蛾 (Manduca sexta) 的附着，并表明我们的昆虫尺度传感器在掉落时会颤动，从 22 m 高度撞击瓷砖地板时不会受到损坏。
We present the first system that can airdrop wireless sensors from small drones and live insects. In addition to the challenges of achieving low-power consumption and long-range communication, airdropping wireless sensors is difficult because it requires the sensor to survive the impact when dropped in mid-air. Our design takes inspiration from nature: small insects like ants can fall from tall buildings and survive because of their tiny mass and size. Inspired by this, we design insect-scale wireless sensors that come fully integrated with an onboard power supply and a lightweight mechanical actuator to detach from the aerial platform. Our system introduces a first-of-its-kind 37 mg mechanical release mechanism to drop the sensor during flight, using only 450 μJ of energy as well as a wireless communication link that can transmit sensor data at 33 kbps up to 1 km. Once deployed, our 98 mg wireless sensor can run for 1.3-2.5 years when transmitting 10-50 packets per hour on a 68 mg battery. We demonstrate attachment to a small 28 mm wide drone and a moth (Manduca sexta) and show that our insect-scale sensors flutter as they fall, suffering no damage on impact onto a tile floor from heights of 22 m.