A DYNAMIC BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION OF LIFTING MAXIMUM ACCEPTABLE LOADS
A DYNAMIC BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION OF LIFTING MAXIMUM ACCEPTABLE LOADS
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DOI：
10.1016/0021-9290(84)90136-2
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
LEE, KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FREIVALDS, A;CHAFFIN, DB;LEE, KS
生物力学评估的工作相关的压力施加在工人身上是一种潜在的手段，降低高发病率的手动材料处理伤害的工业。为此目的，开发了一个由7个刚性连杆（在6个关节处连接）组成的生物力学模型。该模型使用来自提升运动的电影分析的数据，从关节角度、角速度和加速度、惯性力矩和力以及每个关节（包括L5/S1关节）处的反作用力矩和力计算身体位置。结果表明，共同的任务变量的影响。较大的载荷和箱体尺寸增加了垂直地面反作用力和预测的L5/S1压缩力的上升时间和峰值。带手柄的包装盒导致L5/S1压缩力高于不带手柄的包装盒。在举起较大的箱子时，受试者没有通过减轻箱子重量进行充分补偿，以保持均匀的L5/S1压缩力。竖脊肌的平滑和矫正EMG [肌电图]与L5/S1压缩力显著相关，而预测和测量的垂直地面反作用力也显著相关，表明该模型作为预测工作身体压力的工具的有效性。
A biomechanical evaluation of the job-related stresses imposed upon a worker is a potential means of reducing the high incidence rates of manual material handling injuries in industry. A biomechanical model consisting of 7 rigid links joined at 6 articulations has been developed for this purpose. Using data from cinematographic analysis of lifting motions the model calculates body position from articulation angles, angular velocities and accelerations, inertial moments and forces, and reactive moments and forces at each articulation, including the L5/S1 joint. Results indicated effects of the common task variables. Larger load and box sizes increased the rise times and peak values of both vertical ground reaction forces and predicted L5/S1 compressive forces. Boxes with handles resulted in higher L5/S1 compressive forces than for boxes without handles. In lifting the larger boxes the subjects did not sufficiently compensate with reduced box weights in order to maintain uniform L5/S1 compressive forces. Smoothed and rectified EMG [electromyogram] of erector spinae muscles correlated significantly with L5/S1 compressive forces, while predicted and measured vertical ground reaction forces also correlated significantly, indicating the validity of the model as a tool for predicting job physical stresses.