Children's documentaries: distance and ethics in European storytelling about the wider world
Children's documentaries: distance and ethics in European storytelling about the wider world
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儿童纪录片：欧洲讲述更广阔世界的故事中的距离和道德
DOI：
10.1080/17482798.2021.1974502
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Sakr N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sakr N
众所周知，资助、委托和分发方面的物质挑战会阻碍儿童制作关于其他国家和文化的事实内容，与罗杰·银石所说的“适当距离问题”所固有的道德责任所产生的挑战同时存在。通过这一点，他表示了一个“道德范畴”，要求电影制片人提供“背景和想象力”，并愿意“认识到她的相同和不同”。在大规模被迫移徙的时代，“距离”和“差异”同时变得更加重要，但也更加模糊，来自遥远地方的传统、宗教和文化在实际上接近。基于跨文化对话的输入，放映和采访涉及欧洲儿童纪录片的生产者，本文探讨了在代表来自叙利亚，伊拉克，阿富汗和其他地方抵达欧洲的儿童的背景和故事所面临的困境和经验。它显示了银石的思想的共鸣，揭示了许多从业者自己应用的概念，接近和距离，无论是物理和隐喻，在他们的选择结合熟悉和不熟悉的内容，并共同创造与儿童参与者。先前的知识状态：当纪录片是关于弱势儿童的时候，电影制片人和主题/参与者之间现有的权力不平衡会加剧。研究指出了讲述一个令人信服的故事、尊重隐私和提供背景的相互竞争的压力，同时避免异国情调、说教和文化偏见。新颖的贡献：从业者在讨论他们拍摄的难民儿童时自发地提到“距离”，这表明银石将“适当距离”作为“道德范畴”的概念可以在与纪录片参与者共同创作内容和评估此类纪录片的价值时加以操作。实际影响：创意和委托编辑负责儿童的事实内容对其他文化可以使用的研究结果来校准他们如何传达儿童的“相同”和“差异”与同情和尊重。这些内容对促进社会凝聚力的相关性对决策者也很重要。
The material challenges of funding, commissioning and distribution that are well known to inhibit production of children’s factual content about other countries and cultures operate in parallel with challenges arising from the moral responsibilities inherent in what Roger Silverstone called “the problem of proper distance”. By that he signified a “moral category” requiring filmmakers to provide “context as well as imagination” and be willing to “recognise the other in her sameness and difference”. “Distance” and “difference” have become at once more significant but also more ambiguous at a time of mass forced migration, in which traditions, religions and cultures from distant places are brought together in physical proximity. Based on input from cross-cultural dialogues, screenings and interviews involving European producers of children’s documentaries, this article explores dilemmas and experiences faced in representing the backgrounds and stories of children who arrived in Europe from Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan and elsewhere in the mid-2010s. It shows the resonance of Silverstone’s thinking by revealing that many practitioners themselves apply notions of closeness and distance, both physically and metaphorically, in their choices about combining the familiar and unfamiliar and co-creating content with child participants.IMPACT SUMMARYa. Prior State of Knowledge:Existing power imbalances between filmmaker and subject/participant are accentuated when documentaries are made about vulnerable children. Studies have pinpointed competing pressures to tell a compelling story, respect privacy and provide background, while avoiding exoticism, didacticism and cultural preconceptions.b. Novel Contributions:Practitioners’ spontaneous references to “distance” when discussing their filming of refugee children demonstrate that Silverstone’s concept of “proper distance” as a “moral category” can be operationalised in co-creating content with documentary participants and evaluating the merits of such documentaries.c. Practical Implications:Creatives and commissioning editors responsible for children’s factual content about other cultures can use the findings to calibrate how they convey children’s “sameness” and “difference” with empathy and respect. Such content’s relevance for promoting social cohesion also matters to policymakers.