Combining Effect and Process Evaluation on European Preschool Children's Snacking Behavior in a Kindergarten-Based, Family-Involved Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial: The ToyBox Study.
Combining Effect and Process Evaluation on European Preschool Children's Snacking Behavior in a Kindergarten-Based, Family-Involved Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial: The ToyBox Study.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17197312
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发表时间：
2020-10-07
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cardon G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Craemer M;Verbestel V;Verloigne M;Androutsos O;Moreno L;Iotova V;Koletzko B;Socha P;Manios Y;Cardon G
本研究旨在（1）研究标准化ToyBox干预对欧洲学龄前儿童零食行为的影响，以及（2）研究教师和父母/照顾者的过程评估得分是否与学龄前儿童零食摄入量的积极结果相关。来自6个欧洲国家的4970名学龄前儿童（51.4%为男孩，4.74 ± 0.44岁）的样本使用食物频率问卷提供了零食摄入量的信息。为了调查干预的效果，对总样本和六个国家特定样本进行了多层次重复测量分析。此外，问卷测量过程评价被用来计算教师和家长/照顾者的总过程评价分数。对学龄前儿童零食摄入量的干预效果不显著（均p > 0.003）。总体而言，根据幼儿园教师和家长/照顾者的过程评价得分，干预对零食摄入量没有不同的影响。缺乏效果可能是由于干预持续时间和剂量有限。为了对学龄前儿童的零食摄入量产生更大的影响，可能需要一种更适合当地需求的不太标准化的干预措施。
This study aimed at (1) studying the effect of the standardized ToyBox intervention on European preschoolers’ snacking behavior, and (2) studying whether a higher process evaluation score from teachers and parents/caregivers was associated with a more positive result for preschoolers’ snack intake. A sample of 4970 preschoolers (51.4% boys, 4.74 ± 0.44 years) from six European countries provided information on snack intake with the use of a Food Frequency Questionnaire. To investigate the effect of the intervention, multilevel repeated measures analyses were executed for the total sample and the six country-specific samples. Furthermore, questionnaires to measure process evaluation were used to compute a total process evaluation score for teachers and parents/caregivers. No significant intervention effects on preschoolers’ snack intake were found (all p > 0.003). In general, no different effects of the intervention on snack intake were found according to kindergarten teachers’ and parents’/caregivers’ process evaluation scores. The lack of effects could be due to limited intervention duration and dose. To induce larger effects on preschoolers’ snack intake, a less standardized intervention which is more tailored to the local needs might be needed.
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