Gender differences in medical students' motives and career choice
Gender differences in medical students' motives and career choice
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DOI：
10.1186/1472-6920-12-82
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发表时间：
2012-08-23
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Heiligers, Phil J. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heiligers, Phil J. M.
研究背景：性别和人生阶段对医学教育专业选择的影响。特别是，我们研究了内在和外部动机对这种关系的影响。专业的选择分为两个时刻：医学专业和全科医学之间的选择和医学专业内的偏好。在早期的研究中，探讨了动机的主题，主要与性别有关。在这项研究中的生活阶段的生活与合作伙伴-或不-和阶段的教育added.Methods：一份问卷调查有关的职业偏好。在线问卷被发送给KNMG（皇家荷兰医学协会）的所有学生成员。58%的学生回答（N = 2397）。只有1478份回复可用于分析（36%）。为明确影响因素，进行了主成分因子分析。为了测试的中介作用进行了一组回归分析：逻辑回归和多元回归regrassions.Results：虽然基本的调查结果性别差异的动机首选的职业是一致的，与早期的研究，我们发现，是否与合作伙伴生活是决定性的差异，专业相关的动机和外部动机（生活方式和社会状况）。此外，与伴侣生活不再是一个特定的女性论点，因为性别和与伴侣生活之间没有发现任何相互作用。另一个问题是，动机是调解之间的关系，与合作伙伴生活，并选择全科医生或医学专业。为了更清楚的中介作用的动机的纵向研究，需要找出动机和不断变化的circumstances.Conclusions：本研究提供了一个贡献的医学生的职业抱负的知识，特别是动机的影响。性别和与伴侣生活在一起影响这两种选择，但它们并不相互作用，因此与伴侣生活在一起对男性和女性学生选择自己的偏好同样重要。此外，外部和内在动机在更大或更小的程度上调解了这种关系。第一阶段的学生在选择全科医学时受到生活方式和内在动机的影响。对于第二阶段的学生，研究结果表明，生活方式的动机，其次是专业相关的动机对这两个时刻的选择。
Background: The main subject is the influence of gender and the stage of life on the choice of specialty in medical education. In particular we looked at the influence of intrinsic and external motives on this relationship. The choice of specialty was divided into two moments: the choice between medical specialties and general practice; and the preference within medical specialties. In earlier studies the topic of motivation was explored, mostly related to gender. In this study stage of life in terms of living with a partner -or not- and stage of education was added.Methods: A questionnaire concerning career preferences was used. The online questionnaire was sent to all student members of the KNMG (Royal Dutch Medical Association). 58% of these students responded (N = 2397). Only 1478 responses could be used for analyses (36%). For stipulating the motives that played a role, principal components factor analysis has been carried out. For testing the mediation effect a set of regression analyses was performed: logistic regressions and multiple regressions.Results: Although basic findings about gender differences in motivations for preferred careers are consistent with earlier research, we found that whether or not living with a partner is determinant for differences in profession-related motives and external motives (lifestyle and social situation). Furthermore living with a partner is not a specific female argument anymore, since no interactions are found between gender and living with a partner. Another issue is that motives are mediating the relationship between, living with a partner, and the choice of GP or medical specialty. For more clarity in the mediating effect of motives a longitudinal study is needed to find out about motives and changing circumstances.Conclusions: The present study provides a contribution to the knowledge of career aspirations of medical students, especially the impact of motivation. Gender and living with a partner influence both choices, but they are not interacting, so living with a partner is similarly important for male and female students in choosing their preferences. Moreover, external and intrinsic motives mediate this relationship to a greater of lesser degree. First stage students are influenced by life-style and intrinsic motives in their choice of general practice. For second stage students, the results show influences of life-style motives next to profession-related motives on both moments of choice.