Effects on symptoms and lung function in humans experimentally exposed to diesel exhaust
Effects on symptoms and lung function in humans experimentally exposed to diesel exhaust
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DOI：
10.1136/oem.53.10.658
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Sandstrom, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rudell, B;Ledin, MC;Sandstrom, T
目标-柴油废气是一种常见的空气污染物，由几种气体、碳氢化合物和颗粒组成。进行了一项实验研究，旨在评估与暴露在未过滤的废气中相比，怠速柴油机尾气上的颗粒物捕捉器是否会减少柴油机尾气对症状和肺功能的影响。方法：12名健康的不吸烟志愿者(年龄20-37岁)在75W的自行车测功器上进行了1小时的暴露室内试验，每个受试者按随机顺序分别接受了三种不同的双盲暴露：空气、尾管有颗粒物捕捉器的柴油废气和未过滤的柴油废气。根据暴露前、暴露中每隔10分钟、暴露后30分钟的Borg评分记录症状。结果：陶瓷壁流微粒捕捉器减少了46%的微粒数量，而其他化合物相对恒定。结果表明，接触柴油机尾气时最突出的症状是眼睛和鼻子受到刺激，接触过程中难闻的气味增加。接触柴油机尾气时，呼吸道阻力(R(Aw))和比气道阻力(SR(Aw))均显著增加。尽管微粒捕捉器减少了46%的颗粒物数量，但对症状和肺功能的影响并没有明显减弱。结论暴露在柴油机尾气中会引起症状和支气管收缩，而微粒捕捉器并不能显着减少这些症状和收缩。
Objectives-Diesel exhaust is a common air pollutant made up of several gases, hydrocarbons, and particles. An experimental study was carried out which was designed to evaluate if a particle trap on the tail pipe of an idling diesel engine would reduce effects on symptoms and lung function caused by the diesel exhaust, compared with exposure to unfiltered exhaust.Methods-Twelve healthy non-smoking volunteers (aged 20-37) were investigated in an exposure chamber for one hour during light work on a bicycle ergometer at 75 W. Each subject underwent three separate double blind exposures in a randomised sequence: to air and to diesel exhaust with the particle trap at the tail pipe and to unfiltered diesel exhaust. Symptoms were recorded according to the Borg scale before, every 10 minutes during, and 30 minutes after the exposure. Lung function was measured with a computerised whole body plethysmograph.Results-The ceramic wall flow particle trap reduced the number of particles by 46%, whereas other compounds were relatively constant. It was shown that the most prominent symptoms during exposure to diesel exhaust were irritation of the eyes and nose and an unpleasant smell increasing during exposure. Both airway resistance (R(aw)) and specific airway resistance (SR(aw)) increased significantly during the exposures to diesel exhaust. Despite the 46% reduction in particle numbers by the trap effects on symptoms and lung function were not significantly attenuated.Conclusion-Exposure to diesel exhaust caused symptoms and bronchoconstriction which were not significantly reduced by a particle trap.