Composition, diversity, and activity of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria and Archaea in the intertidal sands of a grand strand South Carolina beach
Composition, diversity, and activity of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria and Archaea in the intertidal sands of a grand strand South Carolina beach
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DOI：
10.1002/mbo3.1011
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发表时间：
2020-03-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kurtz, Harry D., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taylor, Harrison B.;Kurtz, Harry D., Jr.
好氧氨氧化生成亚硝酸盐是调节海洋生态系统氮水平的重要生态过程。这一过程是由β-变形菌纲和γ-变形菌纲中的氨氧化细菌（AOB）和来自Thaumarchaeota门的氨氧化菌（AOA）进行的，后者已被确定为在海洋系统中更普遍。本研究通过实施下一代测序、定量PCR（qPCR）和微观实验来监测活动，调查了南卡罗来纳州默特尔海滩斯普林梅德码头附近的海滩中这些微生物群的存在、丰度和活性。测序分析揭示了一个多样化的社区的氨氧化微生物占主导地位的AOA分类的家庭Nitrosopumilaceae，和qPCR揭示了丰富的AOA amoA基因在AOB至少一个数量级，在大多数样品。微观研究表明，潜在的氨氧化在这些社区的速率满足米氏底物动力学和这个过程是更活跃的温度对应于夏季比冬季。AOA介质中的潜在速率高于AOB介质，表明AOA对该过程的潜在贡献更大。总之，这项研究提供了进一步的证据AOA在这些环境中的优势相比，AOB和突出的整体效率，这一过程中，把多余的铵，可能存在于这些环境中。
Aerobic ammonia oxidation to nitrite has been established as an important ecosystem process in regulating the level of nitrogen in marine ecosystems. This process is carried out by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) within the classes Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria and ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) from the phylum Thaumarchaeota, and the latter of which has been established as more prevalent in marine systems. This study investigated the presence, abundance, and activity of these groups of microbes at a beach near Springmaid Pier in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, through the implementation of next generation sequencing, quantitative PCR (qPCR), and microcosm experiments to monitor activity. Sequencing analysis revealed a diverse community of ammonia-oxidizing microbes dominated by AOA classified within the family Nitrosopumilaceae, and qPCR revealed the abundance of AOA amoA genes over AOB by at least an order of magnitude in most samples. Microcosm studies indicate that the rates of potential ammonia oxidation in these communities satisfy Michaelis-Menten substrate kinetics and this process is more active at temperatures corresponding to summer months than winter. Potential rates in AOA medium were higher than that of AOB medium, indicating a potentially greater contribution of AOA to this process in this environment. In conclusion, this study provides further evidence of the dominance of AOA in these environments compared with AOB and highlights the overall efficiency of this process at turning over excess ammonium that may be present in these environments.