Territorializing ethnicity: the imposition of a model of statehood on pastoralists in northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia
Territorializing ethnicity: the imposition of a model of statehood on pastoralists in northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia
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种族地域化：将国家模式强加给肯尼亚北部和埃塞俄比亚南部的牧民
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Schlee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Schlee
摘要民族国家的概念已经深深地渗透到肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚，其程度远远低于“民族”国家。在殖民时期，地区和放牧保护区是根据所谓的“部落”边界划定的，这些边界往往只是在这个过程中才建立起来的。在这一过程中，种族并不是被发明出来的（正如非洲其他地区所声称的那样），而是发生了变化：它获得了一种新的领土特征。决策者头脑中的民族领土意识与现代牧场生态学认为是错误的保护牧场的想法相结合。这些想法导致了限制游牧民流动范围的政策。本文将从殖民政策到现代政治划分划分为一条线，在这条线上，领土分割仍在继续。这一进程似乎是以自封的精英利益为导向的，而牧民则受到他们的不利影响。
Abstract The idea of the nation state has penetrated Kenya and Ethiopia deeply at a level much below the ‘nation’ state. In the colonial period districts and grazing reserves were delineated according to perceived ‘tribal’ boundaries, which were often only created in the process. Ethnicity in that process was not invented (as has been claimed for other parts of Africa) but it has changed: it has acquired a territorial character of a new kind. Ethnic territoriality in the mind of policy makers combined with ideas of preservation of the range which modern range ecology would regard as misconceived. These ideas led to policies that restricted the range of movement of pastoral nomads. This paper draws a line from colonial policies to modern politics, in which territorial subdivision continues. This process seems to be guided the interests of self-styled elites, while the pastoralists are adversely affected by them.