Effects of landscape complexity on pollinators are moderated by pollinators' association with mass-flowering crops
Effects of landscape complexity on pollinators are moderated by pollinators' association with mass-flowering crops
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.0387
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发表时间：
2019-04-03
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kleijn, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fijen, Thijs P. M.;Scheper, Jeroen A.;Kleijn, David
保护和恢复半自然生境，即增加景观复杂性，是缓解农业景观传粉者衰退的主要策略之一。然而，对于景观复杂性如何塑造作物和非作物生境中的传粉者群落，以及传粉者对景观复杂性的反应是否与大量开花的作物有关，我们仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们调查了大量开花的韭菜作物上的传粉者群落，以及附近不同复杂程度的景观中的半自然栖息地。调查是在作物开花之前和期间进行的，并区分了频繁访问作物(优势)、偶尔访问(机会主义)或根本不访问(非作物)的传粉者。在更广泛的景观中，47%的物种也是在葱花上观察到的。作物传粉者的丰富度随着当地传粉者群落的大小和景观复杂性的增加而增加，但机会性传粉者的关系比优势传粉者更强。半自然生境中的传粉者丰富度与景观复杂性之间的关系在不同的组之间存在差异，其中对非作物传粉者的积极影响最明显。我们的结果表明，尽管优势作物传粉者是所有农业景观中作物传粉者群落的核心组成部分，但机会性作物传粉者在很大程度上决定了物种丰富度的反应，而复杂景观是生物多样性保护和潜在生态系统服务提供的局部热点。
Conserving and restoring semi-natural habitat, i.e. enhancing landscape complexity, is one of the main strategies to mitigate pollinator decline in agricultural landscapes. However, we still have limited understanding of how landscape complexity shapes pollinator communities in both crop and non-crop habitat, and whether pollinator responses to landscape complexity vary with their association with mass-flowering crops. Here, we surveyed pollinator communities on mass-flowering leek crops and in nearby semi-natural habitat in landscapes of varying complexity. Surveys were done before and during crop bloom and distinguished between pollinators that visit the crop frequently (dominant), occasionally (opportunistic), or not at all (non-crop). Forty-seven per cent of the species in the wider landscape were also observed on leek flowers. Crop pollinator richness increased with local pollinator community size and increasing landscape complexity, but relationships were stronger for opportunistic than for dominant crop pollinators. Relationships between pollinator richness in semi-natural habitats and landscape complexity differed between groups with the most pronounced positive effects on non-crop pollinators. Our results indicate that while dominant crop pollinators are core components of crop pollinator communities in all agricultural landscapes, opportunistic crop pollinators largely determine species-richness responses and complex landscapes are local hotspots for both biodiversity conservation and potential ecosystem service provision.